The material appearing on the following pages represents the justification for items of expense other than position and regular salary items. This material is overall in nature in that it presents in total the amounts of these types of expense as they apply to all functions. The relation of adjustments to the base and each program increase to these total expenses may be observed on page 72 in the tabulation entitled "Actual and Estimated Requirements, and Increases and Decreases, by Type of Expense."

Hardship post differentials.-Hardship post differentials are paid to Foreign Service employees assigned to posts where extraordinarily difficult living conditions or excessive physical hardships prevail, or at which notably unhealthful conditions exist.

Chargé d'affaires.-This differential is paid to officers who are in charge of Foreign Service posts during absences of the regularly assigned principal officer. No increase is requested for 1963.

JUSTIFICATION

Overtime. The payment of overtime and holiday pay is authorized to compensate employees required to work more than the regularly scheduled workweek. The increase of $27,400 is for hardship post differential and is attributed to the following:

Post allowances are paid to American employees stationed at posts having a higher cost-of-living allowance than in Washington, D.C.

Separate maintenance allowances are paid to those employees who are required to maintain their families elsewhere than at the post of assignment, either for the convenience of the Government or because of adverse living conditions. No increase is provided for in fiscal year 1963.

The increase of $59,200 is comprised of the following: