NIST Special PublicationThe Institute, 2002 |
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Page 49
... equation in electrode wire is given by a эт — ( k ( T ) ) + p , ( T ) j2 + F = C , ( T ) p ( T ) ( w + I ) Əz Əz It and the dynamic wire melting model is given by the following expression . ( 1 ) -k ( T ) ᏧᎢ Qm ( t ) = ( w - dl / dt ) ...
... equation in electrode wire is given by a эт — ( k ( T ) ) + p , ( T ) j2 + F = C , ( T ) p ( T ) ( w + I ) Əz Əz It and the dynamic wire melting model is given by the following expression . ( 1 ) -k ( T ) ᏧᎢ Qm ( t ) = ( w - dl / dt ) ...
Page 50
... 4 : Heat flux entering the solid wire from the molten end Lek kth step Tm Tc K Azk Lek + 1 Tm ( k + 1 ) th step Tc K त्र Azk + 1 Figure 5 : Variable space network The governing equation for the whole loop of the welding 50.
... 4 : Heat flux entering the solid wire from the molten end Lek kth step Tm Tc K Azk Lek + 1 Tm ( k + 1 ) th step Tc K त्र Azk + 1 Figure 5 : Variable space network The governing equation for the whole loop of the welding 50.
Page 51
The governing equation for the whole loop of the welding circuit can be written as - dl _ Voc −V20 _ R2 + R , + R2 ... equations ( 1-4 ) and the simplified weld pool model . For example , experimental and simulated results under 25 Hz ...
The governing equation for the whole loop of the welding circuit can be written as - dl _ Voc −V20 _ R2 + R , + R2 ... equations ( 1-4 ) and the simplified weld pool model . For example , experimental and simulated results under 25 Hz ...
Page 80
... equations [ 2 ] : Mode 1 : S. = 5.84 ( 2 ) D γ D - 3 / 2 Ρι Mode 2 : 1 , = 3.37 ( 1 ) D γ D - 3 / 2 P1 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) In these equations y represents the surface tension , p the density of the liquid metal in the weld pool and D the ...
... equations [ 2 ] : Mode 1 : S. = 5.84 ( 2 ) D γ D - 3 / 2 Ρι Mode 2 : 1 , = 3.37 ( 1 ) D γ D - 3 / 2 P1 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) In these equations y represents the surface tension , p the density of the liquid metal in the weld pool and D the ...
Page 83
... ( equation 1 and 3 ) . 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 a ) -150 b ) 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0.05 0.1 Relative time ( s ) 0.15 0.2 a ) 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 0.05 www . 0.1 Relative time ( s ) 0.15 0.2 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 ...
... ( equation 1 and 3 ) . 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 a ) -150 b ) 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0.05 0.1 Relative time ( s ) 0.15 0.2 a ) 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 -200 0.05 www . 0.1 Relative time ( s ) 0.15 0.2 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 ...
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algorithm analysis angular distortion arc length arc voltage average current background duration boundary butt weldment calculated camera coefficient of variation detachment during peak developed droplet detachment dynamic effect electrode equation experimental Figure filler metal Friction Stir Welding geometry GMAW GMAW-P GTA weld GTAW hoop stress increase interface keyhole laser machine vision martensite material measured mechanical melting metal arc welding method microstructure mm/min mm/s mode molten pool monitoring NIST oscillation frequency peak duration penetration plasma arc welding plate predicted procedure pulsed current resetting residual stress robot rotational sensor shear stress shown in Fig splash strain structure surface technique Technology thermal types of droplet variation VPPAW waveform weld diameter weld fixture weld joint weld pool weld quality welding current Welding Journal welding parameters welding power supply welding process welding simulation welding speed width wire feed speed workpiece zone
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Page ii - Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to adequately specify the experimental procedure. Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
Page 94 - Proceedings of the institution of Mechanical Engineers; Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 207, pp.9- 1 4, 1 993 [4] Soar RC and Dickens, PM, "Design of Laminated Tooling for High Pressure Die -Casting," Proceedings-SPIE The international society for Optical Engineering, pp.
Page 123 - Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy.