pay in 1968; and $4,000 for centrally furnished services from the National Institutes of Health management fund. In the continued search for new scientific knowledge, Institute scientists and clinicians are carrying out extensive field studies both of an epidemiological and clinical nature. These include studies of iodine metabolism, of the natural history of arthritis and rheumatism in American Indians, epidemiological and clinical studies of diabetes in certain American Indian tribes, and studies of gallbladder disease in selected American Indian tribes. The major portions of the population and clinical studies on arthritis and rheumatism, diabetes and gallbladders disease are carried out by the Institute's Clinical Field Studies Unit based in Phoenix, Arizona with a clinical component on the Gila River (Pima) Indian Reservation. This latter facility, a complete and portable structure connected to a wing of the Division of Indian Health hospital at Sacaton, Arizona, provides necessary laboratory and examination facilities for more intensive studies in these areas. PROGRAM PLANS FOR 1967 AND 1968 Current objectives of the field projects of iodine metabolism include studies to determine the environmental factors that are associated with the prevalence of goiter and to examine more closely the nature of the metabolic defect responsible for the disease. Field studies carried out in two states have revealed that non-goitrous subjects appeared to be in negative iodine balance, i.e., iodine excretion exceeded iodine intake, whereas goitrous subjects appeared to be in positive iodine balance. A serious handicap to goiter investigators has been the lack of a reproducible method of estimating thyroid size. A satisfactory technique has been developed and validated and will be used in future studies which will be directed to verification of the relationship of goiter to water supply and to clinical and laboratory studies designed to identify the specific metabolic defect underlying goitrous conditions. Thyroid studies on selected populations in Nevada and Arizona relating to the effects of radioactive substances in air, water and food will be continued. Our field studies unit has found that the Pima Indians have the highest prevalence of diabetes ever recorded in an circumscribed population groupabout 15 times the rate among the U.S. population as a whole. Population studies, such as this provide dependable new data, and since the disease is in part hereditary such studies can be accomplished more effectively among a stable, comparatively isolated group in which the forces of heredity may be observed more clearly than in a mobile population. Continuing studies among the Pimas in the past year by Institute scientists have now revealed that the effects of child bearing do not account for the higher prevalence of diabetes among women. Since the Pimas have large families in addition to a high prevalence of diabetes, data obtained was analyzed to test the hypotheses that increasing parity is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. These findings contradict findings of previous clinic studies by other investigators (in England) which lent support to a hypothesis that pregnancy precipitates frank diabetes in women genetically predisposed to the disorder. These studies will be continued and strengthened in order to evaluate the development and course of diabetes in this population. Studies will include diabetics, prediabetics and individuals who will not develop diabetes. Clinical studies will also be initiated to investigate the possibility of preventing or ameliorating the complications of the disease. Included in the arthritis and rheumatism clinical field projects are studies to evaluate the development and progession of various forms of these conditions with particular emphasis on rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthrosis in the Pima Indians over a ten-year period; to investigate and evaluate various associated conditions and factors, including heredity, that may have a bearing on the frequency, severity and prognosis of arthritis and rheumatism in this population; and to contrast certain selected findings in the Pima Indian population with similar studies performed on other populations with different characteristics or environment. The program increase of 2 positions and $9,000 will provide support for continuing these studies. Of the net increase requested, $6,000 is for annualization of positions new in 1967 and $6,000 is for centrally furnished services from the National Institutes of Health management fund. This activity is composed of professional and supporting personnel who are responsible for the administration of the Institute's several grants activities. This involves planning and development of programs in research, training, and fellowships that will best serve to accomplish the desired results in the areas of disease interest for which this Institute is responsible; review and evaluation of research and training grant applications for presentation to the National Advisory Arthritis Council; required Council staff assistance; liaison with applicants, grantees, other components of NIH and PHS, advisory bodies, and interested organizations, continuous surveillance of scientific activities and progress; and recording and reporting of fiscal and scientific information relevant to all transactions. Due to sharply increasing costs in the conduct of biomedical research, competition for support of research proposals is far greater than has been experienced during the past several years. The average investment is high with a near corresponding decrease in numbers that can be funded. For this reason an increasing burden of awareness and of programs needs and continuing analyses in depth is required of the personnel engaged in this activity. Appraisals, and resultant advice, of required or desired investments to achieve or maintain program balance and most effective pursuit of research opportunities must be both timely and most professional. The increase requested for this activity will provide two positions and $52,000 for their support and for increased electronic data processing costs; $4,000 for annualization of one new position in 1967; and $179,000 for centrally furnished services from the National Institutes of Health management fund. These increases are partially offset by a decrease of $2,000 for one less day of pay in 1968. INTRODUCTION This activity is comprised of the Institute Director, his immediate staff, and administrative management and service personnel. Responsibility lies herein for the general direction, coordination and administration of the total Institute activities. The requested increase will provide three positions and $28,000 for required strengthening of management staff and for program analysis assistance, particularly with reference to in-depth studies relating to the programming and budgeting systems in the Institute. The request also includes $5,000 for annualization of one new position authorized in 1967, partially offset by a decrease of $1,000 for one less day of pay in 1968, and $14,000 for centrally furnished services from the National Institutes of Health management fund. DR. RICHARD L. MASLAND, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND BLINDNESS DR. JAMES A. SHANNON, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH DR. ELDON L. EAGLES, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND BLINDNESS ECKART WIPF, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND BLINDNESS ROBERT L. SITHENS, BUDGET OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES AND BLINDNESS RICHARD L. SEGGEL, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH CHARLES MILLER, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH DR. WILLIAM H. STEWART, SURGEON GENERAL G. R. CLAGUE, ACTING CHIEF FINANCE OFFICER JAMES B. CARDWELL, DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY, BUDGET 1 Includes capital outlay as follows: 1966, $378,000; 1967, $721,000; 1968, $971,000. * Selected resources as of June 30 are as follows: Unpaid undelivered orders, 1965, $1,027,000 (1966 adjustments, $1,000); 1966, $1,790,000; 1967, $1,790,000; 1968, $1,790,000. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF PRINCIPAL WITNESS Mr. FLOOD. Now we have Dr. Richard L. Masland, Director of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness. We have a biographical sketch of Dr. Masland here which we will insert in the record. (The biographical sketch follows:) Name: Masland, Richard L. Position: Director, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness. Birthplace and date: Philadelphia, Pa., March 24, 1910. Education: A.B., Haverford College, 1931; M.D., University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1935. Experience: 1959: Director, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness. 1957-59: Assistant Director, NINDB. 1955-57: Professor, psychiatry and neurology (neurology), associate in physiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine. 1955-56: On leave of absence, research director, National Association for Retarded Children. 1948-55: Associate professor, psychiatry and neurology (neurology) and assistant professor of physiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine. 1947-48: Assistant professor, psychiatry and neurology (neurology), Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest College, Winston-Salem, N.C. 1946: Fellow in psychiatry, Pennsylvania Institute for Mental Hygiene. 1943-45: U.S. Army, Director, Department of Physiology, School of Aviation Medicine, Randolph Field, Tex. 1940-46: Associate in neurology, University of Pennsylvania. 1938: Fellow in neurology, University of Pennsylvania. Association memberships: Am. Acad. of Neurology; Am. Neurological Assoc.; Assoc. for Research in Nervous and Mental Disorders; Am. Epilepsy Soc.; Am. EEG Soc.; Eastern EEG Soc.; Myasthenia Gravis Fnd.; The Assoc. for Research in Opthalmology (Honorary); Nat'l. Assoc. on Standard Med. Vo |