new blood components, and new materials and equipment for component processing will aid progress in clinical research and proper treatment of a diversity of disease entities. Plans for attacking these problems are described in some detail in a special report prepared. There are also increases of $5,000 for centrally furnished services from the "National Institutes of Health Management Fund". BIOMETRY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND FIELD STUDIES This activity is responsible for planning and coordinating the Heart Institute's epidemiological, biometrical, clinical trial, and geographical disease studies in cardiovascular disease in the United States and abroad. Its two primary objec tives are: 1) to make use of natural population experiments to carry out epidemiological research to discover what factors may be responsible for unusually low rates of cardiovascular disease found in certain populations in contrast to those factors which may be responsible for the high rates generally found in the U.S.A. and 2) to determine whether or not the prevention or a reduction of heart disease morbidity and mortality can be accomplished by scientific modification of suspected risk factors in controlled clinical trials. Program plans in 1967 and 1968 The Framingham Study continues to amass important new data on factors increasing heart disease risk and will be continued on 1967 and 1968. Two major epidemiological projects, a study of coronary disease and cerebrovascular disease among men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii and of coronary disease and hypertension among Puerto Rican males, are off to promising starts. These studies are expected to provide crucial testing grounds for a number of hypotheses concerning the role of diet, blood-lipid patterns, and other host and environmental factors as determinants of heart-disease risk. The program increase of $131,000 will be used in the support of grant related contracts. In 1967 such contracts are mostly to provide uniform synthesis of highly radioactive peptides to grantee laboratories which do not have access to these new peptides because of the high cost involved if they were to be prepared on an individual basis. It is anticipated that this need for peptide production and similar types of grant-related contracts will continue to exist in 1968 to coordinate and utilize the experience of industrial firms to provide grantees with new and unique materials. Included in this net increase is a decrease of $3.000 for one less day of pay in 1968. There are also increases of $9,000 for centrally furnished services from the "National Institutes of Health Management Fund". Incorporated in this program is the training of Public Health Service personnel to meet the long-range and immediate scientific personnel needs of the Institute and the Service. This is an important and basic part of the heart research pro gram in that it provides for the training of qualified investigators who must keep abreast of new knowledge, techniques, and methods that are constantly being developed so that they may function at the highest level of proficiency in the cardiovascular research effort. Of the $6,000 net increase requested $4,000 will provide for additional tuition costs and $2,000 for centrally furnished services from the "National Institutes of Health Management Fund". This activity provides for assembling, processing, and reviewing all cardiovascular grant applications; support of the National Advisory Heart Council and special review committees and consultants; grant tabulation and analyses; and the scientific and administrative management of grants. Of the $92,000 net increase requested $48,000 will provide for additional consultant services. Also included is a net decrease of $1,000 for annualization of positions new in 1967, offset by one less day of pay in 1968. There are also increases of $45,000 for centrally furnished services from the "National Institutes of Health Management Fund". This activity supports the over-all administration, coordination, and direction of the varied programs and activities of the Institute. The Director and his immediate staff are responsible for introducing new knowledge into current operating programs and for the planning, development, and review of new areas of focus and interest. Of the $27,000 net increase requested, $6,000 will provide for additional consultant services. Also included is a net increase of $1,000 for annualization of positions new in 1967 partially offset by one less day of pay in 1968. There are also increases of $20,000 for centrally furnished services from the "National Institutes of Health Management Fund". TUESDAY, APRIL 11, 1967. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH WITNESSES DR. SEYMOUR J. KRESHOVER, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH DR. JAMES A. SHANNON, DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH HERBERT C. CHRISTOFERSON, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH MRS. FRANCES H. PETTINATO, BUDGET OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH RICHARD L. SEGGEL, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH CHARLES MILLER, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OFFICER, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH DR. WILLIAM H. STEWART, SURGEON GENERAL G. R. CLAGUE, ACTING CHIEF FINANCE OFFICER JAMES B. CARDWELL, DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY, BUDGET 1 Includes capital outlay as follows: 1966, $164,000; 1967, $201,000; 1968, $256,000. : Selected resources as of June 30 are as follows: Unpaid undelivered orders, 1965, $680,000; (1966 adjustments -$1,000); 1966, $876,000; 1967, $876,000; 1968, $876,000. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF PRINCIPAL WITNESS Mr. FLOOD. We now have with us Dr. Seymour J. Kreshover, Director of the National Institute of Dental Research. I see we have a biographical sketch of the doctor which we will insert in the record at this point. (The biographical sketch follows:) Name: Seymour J. Kreshover. Position: Director, National Institute of Dental Research. Birthplace and date: New York, New York, June 22, 1912. Education: New York University, Liberal Arts College-B.A.-1934. University of Pennsylvania, School of Dentistry-D.D.S.-1938. Yale University (Clinical Medicine and Pathology)—Ph. D.—1942. Experience: 1966: Director, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health. 1956-1966: Associate Director (In Charge of Research) National Institute of Dental Research, NIH. 1956: Visiting Professor of Dental Research, The Medical College of Virginia. 1956-1960: Associate Trustee, Board of Medical Education and Research, University of Pennsylvania. 1949-1956: Professor of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, Director of Dental Research, Director of Graduate and Postgraduate Studies, The Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. 1946-1948: Private dental practice (part time). 1946-1947: Teaching Fellow in Histoanatomy, New York University. 1946: Chief of Periodontia Clinic, The Roosevelt Hospital, New York City. 1942-1946: U.S. Army Dental Corps, 39th General Hospital (Affiliated Yale Unit)-Chief of Dental Service. 1942-1943: Assistant in Oral Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine. Association memberships: American Dental Association (Consultant to Council on Dental Research). American Medical Association. Federation Dentaire Internationale. International Association for Dental Research. American Association for the Advancement of Science (Fellow). American College of Dentists (Fellow and Consultant to Committee on Research). American Public Health Association (Fellow). Diplomate, American Board of Oral Medicine. Honorary Member, The New York Institute of Clinical Oral Pathology, Inc. 1961 Chairman, Commission of Dental Research, Federation Dentaire Inter nationale. 1962: President, International Association for Dental Research. 1963-1966: Secretary, Section Nd (Dentistry), American Association for the Advancement of Science. Awards: 1945: Commendation Award for Especially Meritorious Service with Western Pacific Base Command. 1960: Recipient of Tufts University Award for Leadership in Oral Pathology. 1965: Recipient of the Alumni Research Award Medal, The Association of Dental Alumni, Columbia University. 1965: Recipient of the Public Health Service Meritorious Service Medal. Publications: Dr. Kreshover is the author of 59 publications. GENERAL STATEMENT Mr. FLOOD. Do you have a statement, Doctor? I suppose you would like to proceed with that? Dr. KRESHOVER. Yes, I would, Mr. Chairman. It is a privilege to report to you again on our progress against oral and related disorders. Since I came before you last year, several events have illuminated the dimensions of these problems and have given new urgency to their solution. One of these is the report from Operation Headstart, which again emphasized the fact that dental ills rank first among children's health problems. Another impetus is provided by the Nation's growing concern that no child be denied necessary dental care. Last fall, as you know, the Dental Institute, as part of a broad NIH analysis, submitted to the President a detailed report on the magnitude of the various oral diseases, our current activities, and projected plans to cope more effectively with these problems. In preparing this material, we were again struck by the disparity between the total dental needs in this country and the existing level of care. It is apparent that we could not begin to summon the necessary professional and auxiliary |