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Attached is a summary of categories of hazardous polluting substances spill pollution control research and development needs indicating the Federal Agencies which should take the lead in satisfying needs in the category. The establishment of needs and designation of agencies was proved by the Task Group at its meeting on November 24, 1970.

The designation of responsibility will apply to work conducted both in-house and under contract. Also, it should be noted that while an agency may be indicated as lead agency, other agencies may be called upon to provide appropriate supplemental support. The Task Group will closely coordinate the efforts of the agencies.

The Task Group believes that designation of primary responsibility for the various R. & D. activities is a significant step toward achievement of a National program of control impairment of water quality by spills of hazardous polluting substances. In this cooperative effort we can prevent duplication of effort and assure maximum use of limited funds.

J. L. COBURN,

U.S. Coast Guard, MILTON MILLARD,

U.S. Army,

EDWARD T. KINNEY,

U.S. Navy.

ROBERT B. MEDZ,

Health, Education and Welfare.
ALLEN CYWIN,

Federal Water Quality Administration.
FRANK A. SWATTA,

Office of Emergency Preparedness.

NATIONAL INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE FOR THE CONTROL OF POLLUTION BY OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Lead agency

(E)

(T)

(T)

(E)/(T)/(D)

(T)/(E)/(D)

(T)

(T)/(E) (E)

(T)/(E) (E)/(T)

TASK GROUP ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Hazardous polluting substances responsibility

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Categories

I. Hazardous Polluting Substances Designation:

A. Definition, Identification, Decription & Grouping:

1. Water Quality, Environmental & Public Health.

II. Spill Prevention From Fixed Installations & Transportation:

A. Hazardous Material Packaging:

1. Design & Construction of Bulk &

Packaged Containers.

2. Container Labeling.

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See footnote at end of table, p. 1282.

Hazardous polluting substances responsibility-Continued

III. Postspill methodology-Continued

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(E)/(T) (T)-(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)/(H) (E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(E)

(a) Sheldered and inland waters.

(b) High seas.

methods

and counter

1. Accelerated biodegradation and stabilization.

2. Chemical treatment.

3. Adsorbents.

4. Dispersants.

5. Mechanical harvesting:

(a) Sheltered and inland wa ters.

(b) High seas.

E. Fate and behavior in the aquatic environ-
ment:

1. Sheltered and inland water.
2. High seas.

3. Reactivity - synergistic/antagonistic
combination.

4. Ultimate fate of spilled materials.

F. Effects on water quality:

1. Public water supply.

2. Fish, aquatic life and wildlife.

3. Recreation and aesthetics.

4. Agricultural uses.

5. Industrial uses.

6. Accelerated restoration methods.

G. Public Health Hazards.

H. Disposal of Recovered Wastes:
1. Conversion to Useful Products.

2. Biological Stabilization.

3. Incineration.

4. Burial-Landfall.

5. Deep Well Injection.

6. Encapsulation.

Other Federal Agencies are recognized as having an interest or a capability for Haz ardous Polluting Substances research based on their past and current Research and Development. Therefore, while this agreement on research and development areas of endeavor is for members of the National Interagency Committee, non-members agency efforts have been noted. It is intended that the designated lead agency will carry out coordination of Research and Development between the committee and the appropriate non-member agencies.

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Agency X, bears primary responsibility for development of the research and development program, Agency Y, engages or can provide a capability in supplemental R. & D. activity within the category, coordinating its work with Agency X.

X-Y=Agencies bear similar levels of responsibility for complementing R. & D. programs within the agency.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

FEDERATION WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ADMINISTRATION,

MEMORANDUM

February 17, 6969.

To: Joe G. Moore, Jr., Chairman, National Interagency Committee for Control of Pollution by Oil and Hazardous Materials.

From: Allen Cywin, Chairman, NIC Task Group on R. & D.
Subject: Responsibility for Research and Development Activities.

Attached is a summary of categories of oil pollution control research and development needs indicating Federal agencies which, in the opinion of the Task Group, should take the lead in satisfying individual need categories. The delineation of needs and agencies with primary R&D responsibility was approved by the Task Group at its meeting of February 14, 1969, and is a direct outgrowth of discussions during the three previous meetings.

The designations of responsibility should be considered to apply to work conducted in-house and under contract. Other Task Group agencies have been advised of FWPCA's unique authority to make participating grants for water pollution control research and demonstration projects which may be utilized to supplement the programs of all agencies listed below. Work conducted under grants will, of course, be coordinated closely with in-house and contract activities of the other agencies.

Also, it should be noted that the agencies are indicated as "lead" agencies. While the indicated agency should have primary responsibility in a given category, other agencies will be called upon to provide any appropriate assistance. We believe the delineation of primary responsibility for various R&D activities to be a significant step in the National program to control oil pollution. Only in this way can we make maximum use of the limited funds available and eliminate possible duplication of effort. We hope, in future meetings, to be able to assign program priorities to the various categories to permit greater coordination of R&D activities.

However, needed technical information, clean-up equipment and operating techniques can only be provided if adequate funds are made available. We urge the NIC to bring this requirement for R&D funds to the attention of appropriate agencies.

W. E. LEBER,

U.S. Coast Guard. ALLEN CYWIN,

F.W.P.C.A.

L. TOBIAS,
U.S. Army.

EDWARD T. KINNEY,

U.S. Navy,

R. B. MEDZ,

LEAD AGENCY AND CATEGORIES

C. Fate and Behavior of Oil in the Aquatic Environment:

(C) 1. High Seas.

(F) 2. Sheltered Waters.

(F) 3. Inland waters.

D. Containment:

1. Mechanical Booms

(F) a. Sheltered and Inland Waters.

(C) b. High Seas.

(F) 2. Pneumatic Booms.

3. Chemical Booms:

(F) a. Sheltered and Inland Waters

(C) b. High Seas

E. Accelerated Biological Degradation:

(F/C) 1. Oil Slicks.

(F/C) 2. Oil-Water Emulsions.

(F/C) 3. Oil Absorbed on Sinking Agents.

(F/C) 4. Oil-Floating Absorber Conglomerate.

HEW

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J. Treatment and Disposal of Recovered Oily or Hazardous Wastes: (F/H) 1. Conversion to Useful Products.

(F) 2. Biological Stabilization.

(F/H) 3. Incineration.

(F/H) 4. Burial.

K. Beach and Shore Restoration:

(F/A) 1. Chemical.

(F/A) 2. Mechanical.

(F/H) 3. Burning.
(F) 4. Biological.

L. Ecological Effects:

(F/W) 1. Oil.

(F/W 2. Remedial Measures.

(W/H) 3. Water Fowl Rehabilitation.

(W/H) 4. Shellfish Bedding Sites.

(F/ALL) M. Information Retreival and Dissemination.

KEY TO DESIGNATIONS OF AGENCY RESPONSIBILITY

Department of Defense:

(A) Corps of Engineers.

(N) Navy.

Department of Transportation: (C) Coast Guard.

Department of the Interior:

(F) Federal Water Pollution Control Administration.

(G) Geological Survey.

(W) Fish and Wildlife.

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare:

(H) Public Health Service.

Maritime Administration:

(M) Maritime Administration.

X/Y-Agency X, bears primary responsibility: Agency Y, engages or can provide a capability in supplemental R&D activity within the category, coordinating its work with Agency X.

X-Y-Agencies bear similar levels of responsibility for complementing programs within the category.

U.S. COAST GUARD FIVE-YEAR PLAN FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION RESEARCH FOR MARITIME LAW ENFORCEMENT

I. INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL PLAN

This plan describes the U.S. Coast Guard efforts in marine pollution surveillance research for law enforcement activities to provide for protection of the marine environment. The end product of this research is the establishment of marine pollution monitoring and surveillance networks to allow the U.S. Coast Guard to effectively carry out its law enforcement responsibilities. It is anticipated that the outgrowth of this effort will have the additional flexibility to encompass ocean dumping surveillance activities, when and if such monitoring becomes a Coast Guard function.

Implicit in the goal of the described research plan on pollution is a two-step process. First, a method to establish the existing conditions of the marine environment in regard to particular pollutants must be developed. Second, the procedures and equipment to monitor the marine environment for changes, and, then identify the source of the pollutant (s) which has caused the change must be developed to implement better regulation and law enforcement. Although these objectives seem clear and straightforward, the immediate development and operational employment of a measurement system is not possible. Difficulties that first must be overcome include the following:

(a) The number of potential pollutants is staggering. It can be stated that any foreign material discharged in quantity into a particular body of water will cause severe damage to the environment.

(b) There is a general lack of scientific knowledge concerning the fate and behavior of materials being released into open ocean, coastal, and estuarine waters. The holdup locations, eventual reservoirs, and the physical, chemical, biological, and geological effects are not known. As a result, it is not obvious where to place sensors in the environment for a monitoring system. (c) The equipment and techniques required to monitor the water environment do not exist in most cases.

(d) The required operational characteristics of the planned measurement system are not known. That is, the need for real time data collection, degree of complexity, and utilization of existing Coast Guard facilities has yet to be established.

It should be obvious from the scope of the problem as exemplified above, that given the present state-of-the-art, it is not possible for one program to encompass all the possible pollutants. It would be more desirable for the U.S. Coast Guard to not only concentrate on those pollutants that are transportationrelated, but also to initially emphasize only a limited number of those so designated. This plan approaches the problem in just that way, in describing a research effort on the fate and behavior of petroleum and toxic heavy metals. A multifaceted approach to the development of monitoring and surveillance systems is described below in special detail. Appendix I treats the subject in a more philosophical manner.

Three simultaneous, complementary R. & D. efforts which would be undertaken are:

(1) Fate and Behavior (How pollutants act on their way into, through, and in the final resting places in their marine environment).

(2) Quick Response Investigations on Large Scale Pollution Injection Incidents.

(3) Marine Pollution Detection and Methodology.

These major efforts are, in turn divided into fourteen scientific sub-effort categories as follows:

(1) Fate and Behavior:

(a) Background research.

(b) Conduct research on environmental parameters regulating the distribution of selected pollutants in the marine environment (i.e. petroleum and toxic heavy metals).

(c) Investigations of natural oil seeps as natural laboratories.

(d) Pollution baselines of beaches.

(e) Determine natural trends and possible oceanic buildup of selected pollutants.

(f) Conduct research on parameters to be measured in a monitoring system to indicate a pollution incident.

(2) Quick Response Investigations on Large Scale Pollution Injection Incidents:

(a) Mobile laboratory capability.

(b) Develop research model of oil sample collector.

(c) Conduct research on the fate and behavior, and damage caused, by catastrophic pollution injections.

(d) Advising COTP and/or OSC extent of damage of pollutant spill and appropriate actions necessary for clean-up.

(3) Marine Pollution Detection and Methodology:

(a) Laboratory capability for in-house research.

(b) Laboratory techniques and methods.

(c) Field techniques and methods.

(d) Biological indicators.

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