Scientific Integrity and Public Trust: The Science Behind Federal Policies and Mandates : Case Study 2--climate Models and Projections of Potential Impacts of Global Climate Change : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, November 16, 1995, Volume 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996 - 1190 pages |
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activities adaptation additional aerosols agencies agriculture Answer approach areas assessment atmosphere carbon century climate change CO₂ communications concentrations consideration Convention costs countries decades depend developing countries economic effects efficiency efforts emissions energy environmental estimates example expected factors Figure forests fuel future gases global global warming going greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emissions Group growth human impacts implementation important improved increase indicate industrial IPCC issue land lead less limited major mean measures mitigation models natural noted observed ocean options Panel particularly Parties period policies population possible potential predictions prepared present production projected question range reduce regional represent require response ROHRABACHER scenarios Science scientific sector significant simulations sources studies Summary surface Table technical technologies temperature transport uncertainties understanding United warming
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Page 354 - Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
Page 315 - Convention related to financial resources and transfer of technology and will take fully into account the fact that economic and social development and eradication of poverty are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country Parties.
Page 662 - ... climate change and mitigate its adverse effects, where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measures, taking into account that policies and measures to deal with climate change should be cost-effective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost. 'To achieve this, such policies and measures should take into account different socio-economic contexts, be comprehensive, cover all...
Page 349 - Our ability to quantify the human influence on global climate is currently limited because the expected signal is still emerging from the noise of natural variability, and because there are uncertainties in key factors. These include the magnitude and patterns of longterm...
Page 662 - In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.
Page 912 - The ultimate objective of the Convention is to achieve the 'stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate...
Page 681 - Affirming that responses to climate change should be coordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty...
Page 667 - desertification' means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities...
Page 234 - Department of Defense Department of Energy Department of Health and Human Services...
Page 349 - Nevertheless, the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate