DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1973 FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1972. OFFICE OF EDUCATION TESTIMONY OF THE COMMISSIONER WITNESSES DR. SIDNEY P. MARLAND, JR., U.S. COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION BERNARD MARTIN, ACTING DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR RENEWAL DUANE J. MATTHEIS, DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR SCHOOL SYSTEMS CHARLES B. SAUNDERS, JR., DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR EXTERNAL RELATIONS DR. JOHN R. OTTINA, DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR PLANNING, EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT DR. JOSEPH COSAND, DEPUTY COMMISSIONER FOR HIGHER EDU CATION-DESIGNATE DR. JOHN W. EVANS, ASSISTANT COMMISSIONER FOR PROGRAM PLANNING AND EVALUATION JOE G. KEEN, BUDGET OFFICER MRS. SALLY H. BOND, DEPUTY BUDGET OFFICER JOHN CHRISTENSEN, BUDGET ANALYST JAMES B. ROBERTS, EXECUTIVE OFFICER, SCHOOL SYSTEMS Mr. FLOOD. Now we have the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Office of Education. The presentation will be made by Dr. Sidney P. Marland, Jr., the U.S. Commissioner of Education. Dr. Marland, I see you have an array of talent with you, and I am sure you would like to present some of them for the record and they will be called on if you feel it is necessary. As they know, before this committee they can volunteer if and when they feel so urged. We have a biographical sketch of you and when you call on some of your people, we would like a brief biographical sketch of those people you call on who wish to contribute to the hearing. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DR. MARLAND (The biographical sketch follows:) DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Name: Sidney P. Marland, Jr. Position: U.S. Commissioner of Education. Birthplace and date: Danielson, Conn., August 19, 1914. Education: University of Connecticut, 1936, bachelor of arts; University of Connecticut, 1950, master of arts; New York University, 1955, doctoral degree. Experience Present: U.S. Commissioner of Education. 1968-70: President of the Institute for Educational Development, New York City. 1963-68: Superintendent of schools, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1956-63: Superintendent of schools, Winnetta, Ill. 1948-46: Superintendent of schools, Darien, Conn. 1941-48: Military service with the U.S. Army and Director of Research, Pacific Military Intelligence, on the General Staff of the War Department, Washington, D.C. 1938-41: Teacher at William Hall High School, West Hartford, Conn. Past association memberships: Past affiliations and post include service as president of the Great Cities School Improvement Council, Vice Chairman of the 1965 White House Conference on Education, and trustee of both the University of Pittsburgh and Alleghany Community College. Previously served on the board of directors of National Educational Television, National Merit Scholarship Corp., and Joint Council on Economic Education. Publications: Coauthor of "The History and Significance of an Educational Experiment"; numerous monographs, book contributions, and journal articles. Mr. FLOOD. Proceed, Dr. Marland. INTRODUCTION OF SUPPORTING WITNESSES Dr. MARLAND. I will introduce our colleagues, Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, and then outline the format which will follow. Your staff has scheduled the Office of Education not only today but throughout the next week. We are organized in the Office of Education by five operating deputyships which embrace all of the programs in the Office of Education. The five operating deputies, in addition to Mr. Muirhead, whom you know is the Executive Deputy, will in turn, Mr. Chairman, present the budget for their components. At that time we will present curriculum vitae for each. Anticipating both your questions and your instructions to us to feel free to participate as contributing witnesses in this testimony, I will start with a friend of yours, Mr. Peter Muirhead, Executive Deputy. Next is Dr. John Ottina, deputy for management. Mr. FLOOD. Dr. Ottina, how long have you been with the Department and how long specifically in the position you now grace? Dr. OTTINA. I came in as deputy director for development for about 3 months and testified before your committee last year in that position. I have served from about the first of April of 1971 to the present time in this position. Mr. FLOOD. I think we should have Dr. Muirhead's and Dr. Ottina's biographical sketches following yours. Dr. MARLAND. We have them here and will insert them in the record. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF DR. MUIRHEAD AND DR. OTTINA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Name: Peter P. Muirhead. Position: Executive Deputy Commissioner of Education. Education: State University of New York (Albany)-B.S.; University of Rochester-M.A.; Cornell University-graduate study; New York Universitygraduate study; Syracuse University-graduate study. Experience Present: Executive Deputy Commissioner of Education. 1970: Associate Commissioner for Higher Education. 1969: Acting Deputy Commissioner of Education. 1968-69: Acting Commissioner of Education. 1968: Acting Deputy Commissioner of Education. 1965: Associate Commissioner for Higher Education. 1961-64: Assistant Commissioner of Education (program and legislative planning). 1959-61: Director, Higher Education Programs, National Defense Education Act. 1958-59: Chief, Student Loan Program, NDEA. 1948-58: Director, New York State regents examinations and scholarship programs (New York State Education Department). 1944 48: Supervisor of secondary schools (New York State Education Department). 1937-44: Supervising principal (Henrietta, N.Y.). 1934-37: High school history teacher (Avon, N.Y.) Association memberships: American Society for Public Administration; Foreign Policy Association; Alexandria Council on Human Relations; Alexandria Little Theater; St. Andrews Society; University of Rochester Alumni Association. Awards: Distinguished Service Medal, DHEW, 1968; Superior Service Award, April 10, 1964-For notable contributions to the development of the National the significant portions of the act enacted in 1963. Under Secretary Cohen's Certificate of Appreciation, January 4, 1966-For contribution to the development of the legislative program for Health, Education, and Welfare. Outstanding Service Award—University of the State of New York (1953 and 1957). Four honorary doctorate awards. Publications: Articles published in: Junior College Journal, May 1961; American Council on Education, April 1962; College and University, Summer 1964; Vital Speeches, vol. 30, 1964; American Association of University Women, March 1966; College and University Business, June 1966. Name: John R. Ottina. Position: Deputy Commissioner for Planning, Evaluation and Management. Birthplace and date: Los Angeles, Calif., November 5, 1931. Education: University of California at Los Angeles, 1953, B.A.; University of California at Los Angeles, 1955, M.A.; University of Southern California, 1964, Ph. D. Experience Present: Deputy Commissioner for Planning, Evaluation and Management. 1970-71: Deputy Commissioner for Development. 1969-70: Executive vice president, Computer Systems, King Resources Co. 1958-69: Vice president, System Development Corp., Military Systems. 1956-58: Engineer, Lockheed Aircraft, Computer Systems. 1954-56: Teacher, Los Angeles City Schools, secondary schools. Association memberships: California Teachers Association; Association for Computing Machinery. Publications: Papers published in the following: Information System Science and Technology; System Engineering Conference; Symposia on Computer Program for Command and Control Systems (Shape Technical Center); California Journal of Educational Research. On Dr. Ottina's right is Mr. Charles Miller, from the Department. And we have Fred Pfluger and Mr. Stokes from the Department. Continuing with my own staff, Mr. Charles Saunders, Deputy for External Affairs. Mr. FLOOD. What is the jurisdiction for External Affairs? Dr. MARLAND. The Deputy for External Relations includes legislation; public affairs, including public relations, press relationships. and publications; the management of all of our congressionally appointed committees, Presidentially appointed committees, and Secretarially appointed committees. Mr. FLOOD. In other words, he is a lobbyist? Dr. MARLAND. On the contrary, he helps to protect us from lobbyists, Mr. Chairman. Mr. FLOOD. That is even better. Dr. MARLAND. These are his duties, including relationships with State and local governments. Duane Mattheis is a relative newcomer, as is John Ottina, to the Office of Education. Duane is now the Deputy for School Systems, which embraces the largest operating component of our Office, including such things as elementary and secondary education, education for the handicapped, and vocational education. These come under his jurisdiction. He is former commissioner of education in the State of Minnesota. He brings a good track record to this Office. Continuing beyond Mr. Mattheis, we have Bernard Martin, who is Acting Deputy for Renewal. You will be hearing more about renewal. We have met with your staff concerning this subject, and it is a highlight of this year's budget. Mr. FLOOD. What is that? Dr. MARLAND. If you will permit us to rest upon my subsequent testimony, I will introduce that. It will be developed on the day you have scheduled that Office. Bernard Martin, the Acting Deputy for that Office, is here in the absence of Don Davies. He is representing the Office at the meeting of the Deans of Education in Chicago. Joe Cosand, our newest Deputy in the Office of Education, is one you may not have met yet and one I am sure you will come to know well. Joe Cosand is our Deputy for Higher Education. Dr. Cosand brings eminent credentials both as a distinguished leader of community college education in the United States, as the past chief elected officer of the American Council on Education, which is familiar to you, and most recently as Director of Study for Higher Education at the University of Michigan. He has been with us now about 6 or 8 weeks. We expect to have a swearing-in ceremony for him next week. He will appear before you in his official capacity in the next few days. Joe Keen, our principal budget officer, and his principal deputy and assistant, and a very valued person in budget work, Mrs. Sally Bond. Then we have John Christensen, a budget officer, and finally, and by no means last, our esteemed colleague, Dr. John Evans, principal officer in charge of Planning and Evaluation. I might add that this year, for the first time, the Office of Education has moved in its management enterprises to the point where budgeting and planning are now virtually one. We will be departing for an off-campus seminar and 3-day skull session within the next 2 weeks to start our 1974 budget planning, and it is important for you to know that. This is under the general leadership of John Evans. We are now operating our 1972 budget, we are offering to you our 1973 budget, and we are beginning the planning on our 1974 budget. With that I will start my formal testimony if I may. Dr. MARLAND. It is a fairly long statement; but I feel it is a worthy statement that the committee should hear and, if you give me permission, I should like to read it. Mr. FLOOD. Suppose you do. GENERAL STATEMENT BY DR. MARLAND Dr. MARLAND. I am happy to appear before you today to present our fiscal year 1973 budget request for the Office of Education, and to share with you some of the ideas and priorities which underlie our attempt to improve American education. When I appeared before you just 1 year ago Mr. FLOOD. Only 1 year? Dr. MARLAND. Only 1 year. Mr. FLOOD. It seems like you had been here since the War Between the States. Dr. MARLAND. It feels that way sometimes. I am enjoying it. When I appeared before you just 1 year ago, as a newly sworn in Commissioner of Education, you may recall that I referred to some of the myriad problems besetting our society such as unemployment, violation of civil rights, the generation gap, crime, and pollution of the environment. These problems are still with us; quick solutions elude us. Certainly our educational system can be one of the most forceful influences in helping to bring about their solution; but just as certainly we must first help this system to revitalize and reform itself before we can expect it to contribute significantly to achieving so monumental a task. American education is currently asking itself some of the most probing and basic questions possible questions such as: How do we make education more relevant and responsive to the needs of all our citizens? Mr. FLOOD. Does "all of our citizens" suggest you are not concerned just with children? Dr. MARLAND. That is correct, sir. Mr. FLOOD. By "children" I meant students rather than just children. Dr. MARLAND. Yes; and adults as well. Mr. FLOOD. That is what you are bringing in? Dr. MARLAND. Correct. What is the best and most equitable method of financing our schools? What can we learn about the educational process itself that will help us to reform our curricula and outmoded methods of teaching our children? HIGH LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT There is no need to recite for you all the problems that beset American education today and that give rise to the need for reform. You are as knowledgeable about these problems as we are. It is worth noting, however, that while our education system may be facing a crisis in public confidence, paradoxically, it has probably reached the highest level of its achievement in history. More of the Nation's young and adult population are being served than ever before. A greater proportion of the youngest children-now 78 percent of all 5-year-olds as compared to 66 percent 10 years ago are entering kindergarten than ever before. A higher proportion-78 percent now, 70 percent 10 years |