Mr. ARENS. What experience did you have when you attempted to procure your credentials in Vienna?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. My credentials were challenged by the people who said they represented the New York delegates, although in Prague the majority, even the New York delegates, had repudiated the Communist leadership. But for purposes of identification, the non-Communist group was usually referred to as the Chicago group and the pro-Communist group as the New York group.

The New York leadership refused to accept my credentials, and the Chicago group voted overwhelmingly that all of us should be admitted, including myself and including some of the young people who had been born behind the Iron Curtain.

This I think is of interest. Because of the terror that the Communists have that somebody who knows something about communism will be able to reach their people, they attempted to bar all American young people who were born behind the Iron Curtain, that is, naturalized American citizens. I was born in the United States, but I was perhaps in the same category because I had been in the Communist Party. And the Communists fought as hard as they could to keep us out, although we had been accepted by the majority of American delegates and participated in the festival activities.

Mr. ARENS. What did they do with reference to the Chinese delegation to the festival, from the standpoint of isolating them from other youths?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. The Chinese delegation did not live in the same barracks as the Americans, for example, but were housed in private homes of Austrian Communists in the city of Vienna. They were shepherded around wherever they went. They were ringed by a circle of Chinese guards and around them Austrian Communist guards to make sure nobody got to them.

Before the festival started, I attempted to hand out a leaflet to the Chinese delegates as they arrived at the railroad station and I was jumped by a group of Austrian Communist guards, which resulted in all of us being pulled in by the Austrian police. This was quite simple. They were afraid these Chinese would receive a leaflet explaining to them that American young people are anti-Communist. The Hungarian youth, too, were very carefully controlled. This is an official press release of the International Preparatory Committee dated July 25 in which they said, "The Hungarian delegates will live on their ships in the swimming city on the Danube Winterhafen." The Hungarian delegates were housed aboard ships on the Danube with guards around the ship to make sure nobody got to them.

Mr. ARENS. Mr. Romerstein, this committee has been subjected to considerable attack, to which it is accustomed, in the course of the last several days, both from Communist sources and indeed from some ostensibly non-Communist sources, for bringing before the committee under subpena young people who were at the festival, each one of whom has been, of course, carefully screened by this committee and found to be in the Communist operation.

Did these young Communists who attended the Youth Festivaland I say this almost with tongue in cheek-did these young Communists do anything to promote the American way in the festival!

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. No, sir; at no time. The majority of the American delegates did, but this handful of Communists who were recognized by the International Preparatory Committee and who controlled the situation that way-these people did nothing to promote the United States. They frequently spoke against the United States. They distributed anti-American propaganda, and I have many examples of the anti-American propaganda they distributed.

Mr. DOYLE. I would like to see one of those.

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Yes, sir.

Mr. ARENS. Do you have some photographs that were distributed there, too, of alleged atrocities by American boys in Korea?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Let me first show you this poster. This was supposed to be a nonpolitical festival. I took this picture in Vienna of a poster being carried by some Japanese that said, "No More Hiroshimas" at a nonpolitical festival.

This is a picture taken of a mural drawn by a Guatemalan and exhibited during the festival as part of the official festival activities. It shows alleged American atrocities in Korea, such things as germ warfare, shooting people in the back, and all the other nonsense. In the case of shooting people in the back, this was the way the Communists murdered our prisoners-of-war.

Mr. ARENS. Were these young Communists under subpena to appear here and for whom such apologies and protests appeared in certain of the American press-did these young Communists get up at this festival and protest these germ warfare displays?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. No, sir. At no time. As a matter of fact, Marvin Markman, who spoke at this meeting I referred to before, held after the festival was over, in New York, said he saw no political propaganda during the festival. As a matter of fact, the only thing he saw, he said, were people putting up signs saying "Freedom for Tibet and Hungary," and he thought it was a good idea that people were beaten up by Austrian Communist hoodlums, because it was a nonpolitical festival. All over the place there was Communist political propaganda.

Here is a leaflet containing greetings from the World Council of Peace, an international Communist front. A very interesting thing takes place here because, according to Austrian law, if you wish to have a leaflet printed the print shop was to be designated. The print shop for this leaflet called Globus Verlag has an address in Vienna. That same print shop printed this English and Spanish edition of the official festival newspaper and also prints this newspaper, Volks Stimme, the official organ of the Austrian Communist Party.

The Austrian Communist Party, for instance, has headquarters in the same building that produced the press literature and the greetings from the World Peace Council.

Mr. DOYLE. You would expect that kind of fraud and deceit; wouldn't you?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Yes, sir. You would. I, myself, on July 14, visited the press office of the International Preparatory Committee where I found a stack on the floor for distribution of copies of the Communist Party newspaper, Volks Stimme, and it was very frequently that we saw Communist literature.

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We saw this in the Soviet pavilion, this one in German and one in English: "They will live under communism," with the big hammer and sickle of the youth of the Soviet Union.

Mr. ARENS. Here is an editorial that said:

The House Committee on Un-American Activities has now used its subpena power to hale before it five young men and women who had the temerity to attend one or another of the World Youth Festivals,

and so forth, the theme of the editorial being that this committee is undertaking to interfere with the right of young people to travel. The CHAIRMAN. Where was that?

Mr. ARENS. It was in The Washington Post, Mr. Chairman. Now, each one of these five, Mr. Romerstein, has been identified by competent witnesses under oath as a member of the Communist Party. Did any of these Communists who attended the festival who are championed here in The Washington Post editorial, which criticized this committee for subpenaing them before us-did any of them do, as the Post suggests here, anything for America, for the American way of life, against communism at the festival?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. No, sir. On the contrary. Everyone of them fought against those of us who were attempting to taunt the Communists.

Mr. ARENS. As one who is not a Communist and who attended the festival and who attempted to portray the American way of life and attempted to defeat the Communists there, do you feel that you are now being persecuted because we have invited you to appear before this committee and tell the Government of the United States what went on in that Communist-controlled festival?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Not at all, sir. As a matter of fact, in the next festival in 1962 if the Communists permit me to attend it, I will. I feel I have not been terrorized at all by this committee. I never have been. This is a committee of the Government of the United States that I support.

Mr. ARENS. Where is the next festival to be held, by the way? Mr. ROMERSTEIN. They have given us various answers to this. They are postponing it to 3 years instead of 2. It will be held in 1962, and they claim they have contacted the governments of England and Italy for permission to hold a festival in those countries and have received no answer. But the speculation, even in Communist circles, is that they will not permit the festival to be held outside the Iron Curtain again, because of too much trouble outside the Iron Curtain. Perhaps the next will be held once again, as the first six were, in a Communist country.

Mr. ARENS. Do you have any information respecting Communist arrangements or penetrations in Havana, Cuba?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Yes, sir. There will be a Latin Youth Festival in Havana, Cuba, in the second 2 weeks of July, 1960. Plans are under way for an American Communist youth delegation to go down to Havana to represent American youth at this conference. The decision to hold this conference was made by the International Union of Students, once again an international Communist front; and the Castro government of Cuba is apparently very happy to allow the Communists to hold their meeting there.

Mr. ARENS. Would you in your remaining few minutes of presentation, please, Mr. Romerstein, allude to the pro- and anti-Communist propaganda which was the subject of the operation there in Vienna?

I say to the committee that another witness who also attended the festival, a fine young American, has information, he will tell about other incidents which occurred there. We are trying to avoid a duplication of incidents.

If you will just devote your attention to that subject, Mr. Romerstein, and then we can proceed with another witness and the other incidents there.

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Yes, sir. For example, during the festival, there was distributed the official greetings to the festival by Nikita Khrushchev, who greeted the participants of the Seventh World Festival of Youth and Students in Vienna and gave his heartiest good wishes. According to an official press release of the International Preparatory Committee, there were speeches made at one of their meetings in opposition to the United States for throwing the atom bomb on Japan and things of that sort, and Hiroshima victims appeared at this rally. The hardest-fought bit of Communist propaganda was at a seminar, a student seminar on colonialism, and a number of the American delegates participated in this, and this was where some of the antiCommunist delegates attempted to put their point of view across. The Communists had condemned colonialism of England and France and alleged that the United States was a colonial power. When one of the American delegates, Jo Anne Mellors, who was a British subject but in the American delegation, stood up and proposed to the seminar condemnation of colonialism in Hungary and Tibet, they said they would not accept any resolutions, although the next day they passed a resolution against colonialism in Algeria.

This is a German Communist magazine with a cartoon showing the festival symbol and people that they refer to as anti-festival at the bottom. One is Radio Free Europe making broadcasts, and the other is marked NTS (National Alliance of Russian Solidarists), which is the Russian anti-Communist group, giving out copies of "Dr. Zhivago."

I met many of these people in Vienna who gave out copies of "Dr. Zhivago" to the Soviet delegates. This was very much frowned upon by the Soviet regime. I will not go too far into this, except to point out that all of the Austrian youth organizations opposed the festival except the official Communist Free Austrian Youth. The Communists were very happy to tell the people in Vienna that there was an official festival committee at the City College of New York, that they were recognized by the City College as an official organization. This is true. What they neglected to tell the people of Vienna was that City College passed a resolution saying:

Believing on the best available evidence, that the Vienna Youth Festival Committee is a propaganda effort of the Soviet Union, the SFCSA [Student-Faculty Committee on Student Activities] wishes to record its opposition to student participation in the CCNY Vienna Youth Festival Committee, but at the same time, recognizing the rights of students to publicize and encourage participation in it if they so wish.

Buell Gallagher, the president of City College, was very outspoken and forthright, alerting the young people at the college of Communist sponsorship of the festival and the fact that the college frowns on

participation, but believes in democratic procedure. So he allowed them to form a Communist festival committee on the campus.

Mr. ARENS. Do you have information respecting a new Communist publication that is being developed in New York City called the "Organizer"?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. I do not have too much information about this, except that I know that the editors are Jacob Rosen, who was a witness here yesterday, and Jacob Meyer Stein, also known as Mike Stein, who was president of the organization called SCOPE which I referred to earlier in my testimony. This is the preparatory group for the setting up of the New York Marxist-Leninist youth organization, completely under Communist Party control; and when the party feels that it controls the situation well enough, these young people will be permitted to form their nationwide organization.

One other Communist publication just came out called "Studies on the Left." It is a journal of research in social theory and review. This journal is published in Wisconsin and attempts to reach postgraduate students. It is a sort of theoretic organ for post-graduate students. It carries articles by people like Herbert Aptheker, a member of the National Committee of the Communist Party who is not identified in the article as a Communist, and Albert Blumberg, another member of the National Committee of the Communist Party whom they do not identify as a Communist.

This is a frequent Communist tactic, to pretend they are something other than what they are. In this case they present them as certain Socialist and left-wing scholars. In practice this is an organ of the Communist propaganda.

Mr. ARENS. Do you have information respecting the deferral by the Communists of a founding committee for youth activities pending the completion of the very hearings in which the Committee on UnAmerican Activities is presently engaged?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. That is my understanding. The plans have bee made to have the convention at the end of January, but this was postponed to avoid having to reveal this before the committee if they were questioned about it.

Mr. ARENS. Mr. Chairman, I respectfully suggest that will conclud the staff interrogation of this witness.

The CHAIRMAN. Any questions?

Mr. DOYLE. Yes, I have just a few.

How old a man are you?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. I am 28 years old, sir.

Mr. DOYLE. You were in the Communist Party 2 years?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Yes, sir.

Mr. DOYLE. Why did you get out?

Mr. ROMERSTEIN. Well, sir, I joined the party originally at th age of 15 and a half, believing sincerely that these people wante peace and were interested in the welfare of young people, in fac and the minority groups. But, after having been in the Communi Party for a while, I discovered that these people were interested on in achieving power. They were prepared to lie, cheat, and to organi slave labor camps in the Soviet Union in order to achieve wor power.