Hughes, Hon. Harold E., a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa-- Jaffe, Dr. Jerome, Director, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Preven- tion, Executive Office of the President, accompanied by Paul L. Perito, DuVal, Dr. Mervin K., Assistant Secretary, Health and Scientific Affairs, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, accompanied by Dr. Charles C. Edwards, Commissioner of Food and Drugs; Dr. Bertram S. Brown, Director, National Institute of Mental Health; and Dr. John S. Zapp, DDS, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislation, HEW___ Dole, Dr. Vincent P., on behalf of the Rockefeller University, New York, Newman, Dr. Robert, director, Methadone Maintenance Treatment Pro- gram, City Health Services Administration, New York, N.Y_. Chambers, Dr. Carl, director of addiction sciences, Department of Psychia- try, University of Miami Medical School, Miami, Fla., accompanied by Charles Ellis, research associate__. Rosenthal, Dr. Mitchell, Phoenix House Foundation Director, New York, Chambers, Dr. Carl, director of addiction sciences, Department of Psychia- try, University of Miami Medical School, Miami, Fla., accompanied by Charles Ellis, research associate_--- Dole, Dr. Vincent P., on behalf of the Rockefeller University, New York, Duval, Dr. Mervin K., Assistant Secretary, Health and Scientific Affairs, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, accompanied by Dr. Charles C. Edwards, Commissioner of Food and Drugs; Dr. Bertram S. Brown, Director, National Institute of Mental Health; and Dr. John S. Zapp, DDS, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislation, HEW_ Hughes, Hon. Harold E., a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa___. Javits, Hon. Jacob K., a U.S. Senator from the State of New York.... Newman, Dr. Robert, director, Methadone Maintenance Treatment Pro- gram, City Health Services Administration, New York, N.Y. Rosenthal, Dr. Mitchell, Phoenix House Foundation Director, New York, ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Articles, publications, etc. : A whimsical sign at Manhattan's Bernstein Institute of Beth Israel Medical Center, sometimes called the Mecca of methadone mainte- Par nance Cooperative Drug Study Making Progress in Finding Narcotics Antagonist, Heroin Substitutes, New Approaches to Therapy, Report No. 2, PMA Special Task Force on Drug Abuse, April 21, 1972_----Current Studies on the Detection of Opiates in Body Fluids Supported by NIMH__ "Federally Sponsored Drug Abuse Treatment Programs," by the Executive Office of the President, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, Washington, D.C., June 8, 1972_. "Methadone: A Plan To Control Its Use and Abuse," from the New Ongoing Methadone Programs, a report on-- Summary of Narcotic Antagonists Now Under Study-- Hughes, Hon. Harold E., a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa, chairman, Subcommittee on Alcoholics and Narcotics of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, from: Cooper, John A. D., M.D., Ph. D., president, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, D.C., May 26, 1972__. Ross, Kathleen B., Congressional Liaison Officer, Executive Office of the President, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, August 21, 1972 (with enclosure). Jaffee, Dr. Jerome, Director, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, New Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C., from Hon. Harold E. Hughes, a U.S. Senator from the State of Iowa, July 23, 1972___ Javits, Hon. Jacob K., a U.S. Senator from the State of New York, from Jerome W. Jaffe, M.D., Director, Executive Office of the President, Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, Washington, D.C., May 23, 1972 DRUG ADDICT TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION ACT OF 1972 TUESDAY, MAY 23, 1972 U.S. SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON ALCOHOLISM AND NARCOTICS OF THE COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:10 a.m. in room 6226, New Senate Office Building, Senator Harold E. Hughes (chairman) presiding. Present: Senators Hughes, Randolph, Javits, and Schweiker. Staff members present: Mary Ellen Miller, counsel; Julian Granger, professional staff member; and Jay Cutler, minority counsel. Senator HUGHES. The Subcommittee on Alcoholism and Narcotics will come to order. STATEMENT OF SENATOR HAROLD E. HUGHES, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF IOWA Our subcommittee hearing today is on the subject of methadone, and it is intended to help bring us up to date on the subject of methadone as a maintenance drug for heroin addicts. We have before us S. 2840, the bill which Senator Javits introduced last November. I cosponsored that bill along with Senators Buckley, Cranston, Packwood, and Schweiker. It is designed to provide substantial assistance to drug rehabilitation and treatment centers which use methadone or any other approved drug in the maintenance of those who have been the victims of heroin addiction. We will also have testimony on the methadone initiatives announced early in April by Dr. Jaffe and his colleagues from the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. They will be our witnesses today, along with Dr. Vincent Dole, who is the noted pioneer in the use of methadone as a maintenance drug. These hearings will be directed toward the broad questions of how widely and how wisely methadone is being used now, and what policies the Federal Government should adopt as to its use in the immediate and perhaps longer term future. To answer the questions, we will have testimony on the state of scientific progress in this field as well as on the administrative, treatment, and community problems which may be created by the wide-scale use of methadone. We are very much interested to know whether there is any prospect for an alternative to methadone that will not have methadone's great disadvantage, its addictive character. We are interested in the research now underway on LAAM, which I understand is a variant of methadone that is longer lasting, and we would like to know about any im provements that are being developed in methods of testing patients to determine whether they are still taking heroin. Since public funds in very substantial amounts are involved, it is the subcommittee's duty to inquire into the administrative procedures that must be followed in order to insure that the funds are used properly and effectively. The problem of drug addiction is so acute in so many communities that I am sure there will be temptations to cut corners in order to allow the prompt creation of treatment programs wherever they are needed. This could happen at the expense of neces sary precautions against waste and mismanagement. A sizable portion of the funds will be spent for the products and services of commercial enterprises beyond those in the communities where treatment programs are located. For example, methadone is produced by a major pharmaceutical company, and I assume that sev eral other major companies are conducting research into various aspects of the problem of addictive narcotics and other dangerous drugs. In addition, each treatment program must enter into contracts for laboratory services. Presumably, this will cause some increase in the size and numbers of commercial laboratories throughout the country. Inevitably, there are problems in delivering effective treatment services. The illegal diversion of methadone from treatment programs has been a problem. Moreover, we are aware that from both ethical and practical points of view, there are differences of opinion on maintehance of addicts with an addictive drug. Some people strongly prefer drug free programs, while others consider maintenance to be the better form of treatment. The members of this subcommittee have not taken position on either side, but we do want to make certain that appropriate help is available to each victim of addiction who seeks it. I would also like to be sure that each patient is encouraged to work toward the time when he will be free of any addiction, either to heroin or to methadone. And finally, as a subcommittee of the Senate, we have a duty to conwider seriously the views of those who believe that it is not only unchucal for our Government to encourage the use of methadone, but that there are political or racial motives underlying that policy. Whethpr it is justified or not, this view does exist, and as we all know, it is being expressed in vocal and perhaps even inflammatory language. As chairman of this subcommittee, I have every confidence that political or racial considerations do not motivate any one here. Yet, I do feel Chhat we must guard against allowing Federal funds for drug treat mont programs to be used in any way that might intensify political of racial tensions. That kind of manipulation, if it happens, can only end anger the cause to which we are all committed, the prevention addiction and the rehabilitation of its victims. At this point I order printed a copy of S. 2840 in the record. (A copy of S. 2840 follows:) of 92D CONGRESS 1ST SESSION S. 2840 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES NOVEMBER 11, 1971 Mr. Javrrs (for himself, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. BUCKLEY, Mr. CRANSTON, Mr. PACKWOOD, and Mr. SCHWEIKER) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare A BILL To amend the Public Health Service Act so as to authorize emergency assistance for States and nonprofit private agencies in the establishment of centers for maintenance, treatment, and rehabilitation of drug addicts. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That the Public Health Service Act is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new title: 5 6 "TITLE XI-DRUG ADDICT TREATMENT "SHORT TITLE 7 "SEC. 1101. This title may be cited as the 'Drug Addict 8 Treatment and Rehabilitation Act of 1971'. II |