it this year. Half as many (18 per cent) chose the natural and physical sciences, while the humanities and the social sciences each attracted nine per cent.

As was the case last year, Latin American students preferred the humanities to engineering by the narrowest of margins: 22 per cent to 21 per cent. The social sciences (selected by 15 per cent), the natural and physical sciences (14 per cent), and business administration (seven per cent) were also popular with Latin Americans. This pattern of interest has remained constant for several years.

The pattern for European students has also remained essentially unchanged. They continue their traditional adherence to the humanities with 31 per cent, the highest proportion ever, in this field. In other fields of study, Europeans were fairly evenly distributed: 17 per cent in engineering, 16 per cent in the social sciences, and 15 per cent in the physical and natural sciences.

North American students, primarily Canadians, also favored the humanities: 21 per cent selected this field during 1964-65. Other fields studied by significant numbers were the social sciences (16 per cent), natural and physical sciences (13 per cent), engineering (12 per cent), education (11 per cent), and business administration (10 per cent).

The social sciences, which have always attracted the largest number of African students, were selected by 25 per cent this year. Seventeen per cent were in the natural and physical sciences, 14 per cent in engineering, nine per cent in agriculture, and nine per cent in business administration. A far smaller proportion-six per cent - studied the medical sciences than in years past; 10 years ago the percentage was 15.

WHERE THEY STUDIED

In 1963-64, more U.S. colleges, universities, and other institutions of higher education than ever before 1,859-reported foreign students in attendance. While there are few U.S. institutions at which foreign students are not enrolled, nevertheless they tend to cluster at a small number of major universities, particularly in California and New York.

California had 16 per cent of all foreign students in the United States-13,113-and nearly 7,000 were concentrated in five institutions: the University of California, the University of Southern California, Stanford, California State Polytechnic College, and San Francisco State College. Of the 11,100 foreign students in New York State (once

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The number of students from Oceania rose from 316 in 1952-53 to 1,265 in 1964-65.

again second to California in numbers of foreign students), nearly 7,000 were enrolled in four universities: New York University, Columbia, Cornell, and Syracuse.

Indeed, 47 per cent (38,155) of the students were concentrated in only 42 colleges and universities, each of which reported having 400 or more foreign students in attendance.

Of these institutions, the University of California for the eighth consecutive year had the largest number of foreign students (4,393), and Howard University, for the sixth consecutive year, had the highest proportion of foreign students in relation to its entire student body - 16 per cent.

SOURCES OF SUPPORT

Almost 32,000, or about 40 per cent, of all foreign students in the country last year were selfsupporting; five years ago only 30 per cent required no financial assistance. More than half the students received full or partial support from a variety of sources: American academic institutions, private organizations, the U. S. Government, or foreign governments. Not infrequently, students received support from more than one source: a tuition scholarship from a university, for example, and a living allowance from a private organization. U.S. academic institutions provided support to

more foreign students-23 per cent of the totalthan the U.S. and foreign governments combined. The former assisted some 10 per cent of all students, while foreign governments sponsored six per cent of their students. Foundations and other private agencies aided 14 per cent. These proportions have remained about the same for several years.

North American students, who with few exceptions are Canadians, required less support than any other group: 55 per cent were self-supporting, an appreciable increase over the 43 per cent in this category five years ago. Other geographic regions with high percentages of self-supporting students included the Near and Middle East (45 per cent), Latin America (43 per cent), and the Far East (41 per cent). Only 13 per cent of the Africans were self-supporting; the overwhelming majority received assistance. The U. S. Government aided 28 per cent, their own governments 18 per cent. American institutions of higher education contributed to the support of 22 per cent, and foundations and other private agencies also aided 22 per cent. Higher percentages of African students than others received aid from foundations, from the U. S. Government, and from their own governments.

The relatively small percentage of Europeans who were self-supporting is worth noting. Only 28 per cent of them were in this category, compared to 33 per cent 10 years ago. European students were even more likely than others to win a college or university grant; 28 per cent did so last year. Unless they receive aid, are Europeans more likely to attend universities in their own countries?

The Institute customarily includes in its census those who come to the United States expressly for education or training and state their intention of returning home upon its completion. This year IIE also asked for information on students from abroad who stated that they intended to remain in the U.S. These students-6,674 this year-do not meet IIE's definition of a foreign student and are not included in our statistics. Nevertheless, in a great many, if not the majority, of cases, the academic, social, and other problems they present make them indistinguishable from other foreign students and require the interest and attention of foreign-student advisers and other college and university staff members concerned with students from abroad.

FOREIGN FACULTY MEMBERS AND SCHOLARS

Nearly 9,000 foreign scholars, researchers, professors, and other senior academic personnel were at American educational institutions this year, an increase of seven per cent over last year. They came from 108 countries, one more than last year.

The number of foreign academic personnel visiting the United States, it seems, is increasing rapidly. Ten years ago, for example, only 635 foreign faculty members were here; five years later, there were 3,636, nearly five times as many; and this year there were more than double the number here in 1960-61. By contrast, the number of foreign students has risen about two and one-half times-from 34,200 in 1954-55 to 82,000 this year.

As usual, the largest group of foreign academic personnel (40 per cent) was European, and the second largest (34 per cent) came from the Far East. The percentage of Europeans, however, shows a decline from 53 per cent 10 years ago, while Far Eastern scholars have increased from 20 per cent of the total 10 years ago to the current 34 per cent. The proportions of groups from other areas have changed only slightly in the past 10 years. In 1964-65, Latin American scholars made up eight per cent of the total; those from the Near and Middle East, seven per cent; from North America, four per cent; from Oceania, three per cent; and from Africa, two per cent.

The percentage of foreign scholars in the natural and physical sciences (40 per cent), although somewhat lower than last year, is still appreciably higher than the 31 per cent 10 years ago. The representation of scholars in the medical sciences, which reached a high five years ago of 25 per cent, declined this year to only 16 per cent. A similar decline of interest over the past decade-from 23 per cent to 16 per cent is apparent in the humanities. Nine per cent of foreign scholars were teaching or working in the social sciences this year, and eight per

cent in engineering,

The opportunity for American students to work with foreign scholars is steadily growing, not only because there are more foreign scholars at our institutions but also because they are affiliated with more institutions than ever before. In the past academic year they were at 614 institutions, more than double the 1960-61 figure of 304, and four times the 1954-55 figure of 155.

U.S. STUDENTS ABROAD

As has been stated, because of the difficulty of compiling statistics on American students abroad, these figures are for the academic year 1963-64. They should be considered representative of trends rather than accurate totals. Unquestionably a substantial number of U.S. students abroad were not reported to IIE. The number of U.S. students overseas increased by five per cent over 1962-63.

Just over half the 18,092 Americans abroad studied the humanities. The rest were scattered among the following disciplines: 2,782 in the social sciences (15 per cent), 2,368 in the medical sciences (13 per cent), and 1,532 (nearly nine per cent) in the physical and natural sciences. Courses in education, business administration, engineering, and agriculture were each the choice of less than two per cent of the U.S. students abroad.

The five favorite countries for American students were, as always, France (which regained first place, held by Mexico last year, with 2,742 Americans), Canada (2,496), Mexico (1,927), the United Kingdom (1,736), and the Federal Republic of Germany (1,693). Europe, as usual, drew the largest group (60 per cent) of students, North America 14 per cent, Latin America 12 per cent, and the Far East nine per cent. Token numbers were in the Near and Middle East, Africa, and Oceania. This proportion has held true for the last several years.

As with foreign students, U.S. students tend to cluster at a handful of institutions. The 46 foreign educational institutions reporting more than 100 U.S. students in attendance accounted for 13,233, or 73 per cent, of all Americans recorded as studying abroad.

U.S. FACULTY MEMBERS ABROAD

During the academic year 1964-65, 3,793 U.S. faculty members were abroad on educational assignment; this was a 13 per cent increase over last year. Five years ago, only 2,218 faculty members were abroad.

As has been the case for the past five years, American faculty members were most likely to go to Europe: half of them did this year. Over the past five years, the percentage of U.S. faculty members in Europe has varied between 54 per cent and 49 per cent.

Sixteen per cent were in the Far East, 11 per cent in Latin America, and eight per cent in the Near and Middle East. There has been only slight change in these figures over the past five years, with