Mr. Veysey put his finger on it precisely when he said: "You know, prevention is not very dramatic. It has no visibility." Mr. HARRIS. I don't agree with you. Mr. PUCINSKI, What has visibility is when a kid kills a woman and is standing in court before a jury. Mr. BELL. Mr. Veysey also said that rehabilitation played a major role in prevention, too. Mr. PUCINSKI. Nevertheless, I will tell you this. I think that you have really provided the committee with some excellent testimony. It will cause us to take a very hard look at the whole bill. I do appreciate your frankness and candor. You have been very kind and I thank you for your time. Mr. HARRIS. I thank you for giving me the time and I will certainly get you the detailed information asked for by Mrs. Mink and you, sir. Mr. PUCINSKI. The meeting will stand adjourned until 9:30 tomorrow morning. (Whereupon, at 12:25 p.m., the general subcommittee recessed to reconvene at 9:30 a.m., Thursday, April 29, 1971.) (Material supplied for the record :) YWCA NATIONAL BOARD, New York, N.Y. ACTION-PROGRAMS IN DELINQUENCY PREVENTION AND CONTROL THROUGH YWCA RESOURCES The National Board YWCA, which has been working with and through its local affiliates across the country to provide services to youths who are delinquent or in danger of becoming delinquent, wishes to express its interest in the current review by Congress of legislative provisions for the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency under two enabling acts: the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 and the Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1970. We, therefore, are submitting this statement to reflect the experience of the YWCA in its activities supportive of the national effort to reduce juvenile delinquency and to suggest some of the measures needed to facilitate participation of private non-profit organizations in the provision of community-based programs advocated by both of the above acts. The National Board YWCA sponsored training program, under the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968-referred to as the Youth Workers Team Learning Project-indicates the nature of training which has been possible under the present, inadequate level of funding for this purpose. These training programs have reached nearly 3,500 individuals—personnel employed in or preparing for employment or volunteer service in fields related to the delinquency endangerment of youths, parents of delinquent or endangered youths, and numbers of youths themselves who have been interested in developing their own prevention programs or in volunteer or employed careers in such service. They have included short-term institutes, in-service training, and other approaches as indicated. Training under this project also has included guidance to YWCAS in the prevention and control of juvenile delinquency through effective utilization of their resources comprising personnel-employed and volunteer, youth serving programs, and facilities. Growing out of this guidance, numerous YWCAS have developed and submitted for funding a variety of community-based action projects and many other YWCAs have indicated their interest in similar project development if funding becomes available for this purpose. During the life of the Youth Workers Team Learning Project (YWTLP) over 200 YWCAS have reported that they were in various stages of project development for funding of rehabilitation and/or prevention projects. Of these, 34 reported submissions of applications for funding prior to the end of Fiscal Year 1970. Twenty-five of these applications were submitted to the Youth Development and Delinquency Prevention Administration (central and regional). Seventeen of these projects were approved for funding by the review panels, but only two of these were funded by YDDPA as of April 15, 1971. Despite the many problems of indirect project funding by a pass-through public agency, the experience with the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration has resulted in a larger volume of operating projects: as of April 15, 1971, nine projects sponsored by Community YWCAS have been funded under the Omnibus Crime Control Act. The backlog of real and potential projects for funding, however, adds up to a discouraging picture when measured against the national resource offered by the YWCA with programs occurring in more than 6,800 places in the United States. These resources include volunteers and trained staff as well as a reservoir of youth representing every economic and social sector of the nation's communities from suburbia to the inner-city. They also include program buildings, residences, and camps. Above all, these resources represent more than one hundred years of experience and competency in activities directed to improvement of the lives of girls and women. It is the concern of the National Board YWCA that this total resource be involved in the nation-wide effort so vigorously stated by the Congress of the United States in the Juvenile Deliquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968: "The Congress finds that delinquency among youths constitutes a national problem which can be met by assisting and coordinating the efforts of public and private agencies engaged in combating the problem, and by increasing the number and extent of services available for preventing and combating juvenile delinquency. To this end, the National Board YWCA makes a special plea for the broadening and extension of enabling legislation to make available to private nonprofit organizations the facilitating provisions of both the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act and the Omnibus Crime Control Act: the one offering positive involvement and direct funding of private nonprofit agencies in training as well as in conduct of action programs; the other offering funding possibilities commensurate with the magnitude of the costs entailed in marshalling and utilizing "community-based" resources for these purposes. The YWCA program under the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 reveals that the inadequate level of funding has resulted in an accomplishment ceiling which—while impressive in many ways-is nowhere near its potential height. Additional resources-funds and time-which provide continuity of the efforts underway and which prevent the loss of momentum and accumulated experience now are urgent. Unless there is some provision for funding of the national organization to continue the work initiated through this project, this activity will end with the current fiscal year. We have been informed that the Administration's plans for extension of the YDDPA do not anticipate provisions for this type of program and the Omnibus Crime Control Act does not authorize funding to national, private nonprofit organizations for any purpose. The nature of and manifestations of delinquency today are such that constant retraining and retooling are necessary for relevance and maintenance of continuing effective effort. Without training resources it becomes difficult if not impossible to maintain the quality and level of staff and organizational capability within community-based resources that are essential to such efforts and which can give any real promise of relating to and supporting the improvement of juvenile justice and juvenile aid systems, as well as providing viable, constructive engagement of the resources of the affected communities in fulfillment of responsibility to their youth. This statement is addressed deliberately to the consideration of both the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968-now under Congressional review with respect to its future, and the Omnibus Crime Control Law of 1970 because the authorization of provisions to mount and support community-based programs under private nonprofit organization sponsorship is feasible under either or both of these legislative acts. The alternatives appear to be: Extension of the JDPCAct with mandated continuation of its support of private nonprofit agency participation and adequate funding to accomplish the purposes it so strongly proclaims; or Amendment of the Omnibus Crime Control Law to embrace the provisions and authorizations of the JDPCAct, particularly with respect to facilitating grants, national as well as local, to private nonprofit organizations for training and community-based delinquency rehabilitation and prevention programs. It should be stated that contacts with the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration have been unusually gratifying as reflected not only in the funding of locally sponsored projects to date but in the expressed interest of many representatives of LEAA for expanding the potential that has been demonstrated even under the constricting limitations of the present legislation. This is further illustrated by the cooperation of some of the Regional LEAA offices with the National Board YWCA in efforts to establish a series of Intervention Centers (description appended) using the resources of local Community YWCAS in several states. This plan is impeded only by the considerations described above. Another view of the specific project potential offered through the YWCA also is appended in the form of a list of "Government-funded Delinquency Prevention Programs" now under operation. As indicated above, these programs may be multiplied many times through the YWCAS that now are developing plans for action. The YWCA of the U.S.A. stands as a ready resource for action programs to combat juvenile delinquency throughout the nation. It is hoped that the experience reflected in this statement will be of assistance to Congressmen interested in its implications with respect to enabling legislation which can make the highest use of this resource a reality. PROPOSED YWCA SPONSORED INTERVENTION CENTERS The purposes of these Intervention Centers, proposed to be sponsored by YWCAS in different states and localities are: 1. to divert female offenders and those who are crime- or delinquencyendangered from traditional courts and institutional systems; 2. to prevent and thereby reduce initial delinquent and criminal acts; 3. to afford resources for community-based rehabilitation services for initial preconviction or postconviction of female offenders who seem potentially responsive to such services; and 4. to provide community service centers for the guidance and supervision of potential repeat offenders. Some of these centers would offer non-residential programs; others may concentrate on residential services; some may offer both. The determinations will be in response to local need and interest, and in part to existing YWCA facilities. The proposed Intervention Centers would be established in a number of different states, especially those in which they have been designated as "needed resources" by representatives of justice systems, or other agencies relating to this type of service, particularly those concerned with females who are already in, or are on their way to, conflict with society. Note that these requests have included some from representatives of the federal justice system. Analyses of the known requests and YWCA programs in developmental status reveal that a significant number of these pertain to adolescents and young adults. A few indicate concern with what has been described in some places as the "steadily declining ages of young offenders." In those locations, YWCAS have been asked to start work, including intervention services, with pre-adolescents. Most of these requests pertain to young persons who have been in or near trouble. They include shoplifters (some of whom have been apprehended by store personnel but not referred to the police), unwed mothers, drug and alcohol endangered females, young persons apprehended in stolen cars, youth who are in conflict with their parents or are endangered by destructive home conditions, and those who have been involved in or sometimes have been the victims of sex offenses. The proposed Intervention Centers would be organized to provide the range of "crisis," short-term and long-range services needed by their respective target groups. These would interlace with services to be made available through the cooperation of other community-based resources. They would, where appropriate, relate to and interact in different ways with justice systems, particularly those concerned with prevention, first offenses, probation and parole problems of young femalies and their families. They would offer a range of support services directed toward educational attainment and economic independence and other significant aspects of social need. They would differ from traditional half-way houses in their approaches, their scope, and most importantly in their integration into the total work of already established multi-service organizations, i.e., the YWCAS which would organize them, sponsor them and carry out their operations. Some of the residential services would be established within the residential facilities of participating YWCAS: others would be in quarters developed for this specific purpose. Similarly, most of the nonresidential programs would be carried out in YWCA program facilities; others might be in decentralized "outreach" locations, set up specifically for intervention purposes. Should funds be available, mobile units might be introduced in selected areas where the services seemed to be needed by more than one community served by the YWCA and where carrying programs to the target groups seemed the most effective possibility for involving them in significant numbers. Program activities, support services, linkage to other public and private programs would be available to both residential and nonresidential program participants. These programs-residential and nonresidential-do not represent totally new YWCA services. In numerous situations, representatives of the types of target populations specified here and others in comparable endangering situations are already taking part in YWCA programs and/or living in YWCA Residences. Usually the latter group-the residents-are 18 years of age and older. Accommodations to the needs of younger youth would require special features not typical of most YWCA Residences at this time. The present participants customarily are in the YWCA program through individual arrangements, many of them in response to requests from social agencies, churches, police, probation or parole agencies and other youth-serving institutions. The programs and services developed for these proposed Intervention Centers would utilize professional personnel, of course; they would also draw upon volunteers, paraprofessionals, other allied personnel, parents, and the young people themselves. To accomplish this widespread involvement it seems essential to tap not just the budgetary resources for each of the discrete centers, but those needed to develop a systematic plan, intercommunication between a network of centers across state lines, and an interlocked plan for training, evaluation, and sharing of the products of the totality of experiences with other interested communities and organizations. YOUTH WORKERS TEAM LEARNING PROJECT, NATIONAL BOARD OF THE YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION OF THE U.S.A. GOVERNMENT-FUNDED DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS (Based on information available as of April 15, 1971) Grant No. 76-P-85009/2-03, Youth Development and Delinquency Prevention Administration, Social and Rehabilitation Service, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. Youth Development and Delinquency Prevention Administration. Model Cities. Other public (State and city) agencies (some in combination with private sources). 1 Includes 1 project jointly funded by LEAA and Model Cities. State and locality Project description Funding source Michigan: Grand Rapids..... Living arts center: Program to provide alterna- LEAA Model Cities.............、 tives for first offenders, drop-outs, and en- Minnesota: Minneapolis... Probation plus: Prevention and treatment pro- LEAA. gram utilizing small group approach, counsel- New Mexico; Albuquerque... Pregnant teen-aid program: Continuing educa- Model Cities............. tion and related services with emphasis upon New York; Jamestown... Predelinquent teenage girls project: Counseling The Tonowandas...... Troy-Cohoes... Yonkers..... for delinquency-endangered junior high girls; Youth program to prevent juvenile delinquency: North Carolina: Asheville.... A sheville Hotline, Inc.: Youth-oriented crises Ohio: Canton... Girls club for first offenders: Group activities, Pennsylvania: Lancaster Cultural arts: (program description not avail Texas: Lubbock able). New York State Division New York State Division New York State Division LEAA.. Amount $206, 000 16, 648 19,043 7,884 $8,000 4,000 8,925 7,200 Small group care homes for pre-delinquent LEAA.. Virginia: Alexandria (branch of national capital area YWCA). Washington: New directions: Continuing education and sup- LEAA. 30,551 Project pulse point youth center: Drop-in center, LEAA. 19,962 Spokane... Rafters program: Drop-in center for senior high LEAA. 16,000 Counselor" and "Youth Helping Youth" serv ices; drug-health and family life education. DEAR MR. PUCINSKI: We are in receipt of a copy of H.R. 6247. This bill continues funding for the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act of 1968 for five years at the level of $75 million for each year. Under the provisions of the |