DIAGRAM 5.-Showing the number of higher students to each 100,000 persons of the population, classified as public and private; being a graphic representation of the data contained in Table 8.

DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS IN PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS.

Table 10 gives the number of professional students attending schools of medicine, law, and theology, and classifies them as public and private.

Of the 22,263 medical students in the United States 2,525, or about 1 in 9, are found in public institutions. The number of public law students is somewhat less, viz, 2,243, yet the proportion to the total number of law students is much greater, being about that of 3 to 8. This results from there being so few private law schools. In the North Central States there are 1,621 public law students to 525 private, or more than 3 to 1, while in the Western Division there are 147 public to only 5 private.

Theological instruction is given entirely in institutions under private management, and, with the present multiplicity of denominational creeds and beliefs, this practice, for obvious reasons, is likely to continue.*

The total number of medical, law, and theological students stand very nearly in the proportion of 15, 4, and 5, respectively.

TABLE 10.-Distribution of students in professional schools.

The sex of pupils under secondary instruction is given in Table 11. The relative proportion or percentage of each sex has been computed for Table 12; this latter table is further illustrated by Diagram 6.

The feature of this diagram that chiefly attracts attention, perhaps, is the predominance of girls in public schools and of boys in private schools; 40-6 per cent of the pupils receiving secondary instruction in public schools, principally in public high schools (see Table 2), are boys,

*The University of Michigan is announced (1893) to have established a "scientific nonsectarian department" for the more thorough training of young men for the ministry. The University of Colorado had such a department more than a year previously. "In neither case is there any organic connection of the department with the institution, but it is so situated as to extend special privileges and advantages to this class of students." (Col. School Jour., Dec., 1893.)

DIAGRAM 6.-Showing the per cent of male and female secondary pupils in public and in private schools; being a graphic representation of the data in Table 12.

while 59.4 per cent are girls, so that there are about 3 girls to every 2 boys. This excess of girls receiving public secondary instruction is confined to no particular section of the Union, but characterizes each of the geographical divisions.

On the other hand, 55 per cent of the private secondary pupils are boys, and only 45 per cent girls. The excess of boys occurs in all the geographical divisions except the South Central, where the boys and girls are about evenly balanced.

In attempting to assign a reason for this contrast of sex of secondary pupils in public and private schools, it will probably be found that the public high schools fail to receive a due proportion of boys because so many of them are obliged or prefer to go to work after finishing their elementary school course; the more ambitious of them enter mercantile establishments or the offices of business men, or continue their education in commercial colleges, instead of going to public high schools. With the girls, especially those of the more well-to-do families, the case is different; fewer of them are pressed to engage in active employment at an early age, and more are left free to pursue the course of liberal culture that the public high school affords, or if they desire to prepare themselves to become teachers, the high school is right in the line to second their efforts.

Private secondary pupils, on the other hand, are largely found in schools especially designed to prepare for college, or in the preparatory departments of colleges themselves; and the fact that collegiate education is still principally confined to men would seem to be instrumental in determining the sex of the pupils preparing for it.

It may be that the present tendency to organize business and manualtraining courses in high schools, as well as to establish high schools specifically designed to make business instruction or manual training predominating features, will be instrumental in inducing more boys to pursue a course of public secondary instruction.

TABLE 11.-Sex of pupils receiving secondary instruction. (a)

TABLE 12.-Per cent of male and of female secondary pupils, public and private.

Table 13 gives the sex of students in universities and colleges (considering only collegiate and post-graduate students). Table 14 gives the proportion or percentage of each sex, which is also shown graphically in Diagram 7.

It appears that of the 72,460 college students in the United States 49,100, or 67-8 per cent, are males, and 23,360, or 32.2 per cent, are females. There are, therefore, nearly half as many females receiving a collegiate education as there are males.

Taking the public universities and colleges alone the proportion of male students is greater, being 81 per cent of the total, or more than four-fifths. In fact, the number of female students in public universi. ties and colleges is insignificant in all except the North Central and Western States. The North Central States count 2,000 female students in public institutions, and the States of the Western Division 459 out of a total of 1,468, or 31.3 per cent.

In private collegiate institutions the proportion of female students is considerably greater, being 35-4 per cent. In the two Southern divisions, indeed, the women outnumber the men. A great many of the so-called female colleges, however, especially in the South and West, are not strictly collegiate institutions, but belong rather to the grade of secondary schools.

TABLE 13.-Sex of students receiving higher instruction in universities and colleges. (a)

a See notes c and d on page 2. Only collegiate and post-graduate students are included in this table.