Reproductive Tract InfectionsAdrienne Germain Springer Science & Business Media, 1992 M06 30 - 395 pages Reproductive tract infections (RTis) have become a silent epidemic that is devastating women's lives. Each year, thousands of women die needlessly from the consequences of these infections, including cervical cancer, ectopic pregnancy, acute and chronic infections of the uterus and the fallopian tubes, and puerperal infections. For many women, this happens because they receive medical attention too late, if at all. The terrible irony of this tragedy is that early diagnosis of and treatment for many RTis do not require high-technology health care. For the hundreds of millions of women with chronic RTis acquired from their sexual partners, life can become a living hell. Infection is a major cause of infertility, and it leads to scorn and rejection in many countries. These women may experience constant pain, have festering lesions of the genital tract, be at enhanced risk of second ary diseases, and endure social ostracism. The problems associated with RT!s have grown even greater in the past decade with the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. Preexisting sexually transmitted disease, particularly when associated with genital tract ulcers, raises women's vulnerability to the transmission of HIV 3-5 fold. |
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... infertility , and it leads to scorn and rejection in many countries . These women may experience constant pain , have festering lesions of the genital tract , be at enhanced risk of second- ary diseases , and endure social ostracism ...
... infertility , and it leads to scorn and rejection in many countries . These women may experience constant pain , have festering lesions of the genital tract , be at enhanced risk of second- ary diseases , and endure social ostracism ...
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... infertile as a result of infection . Approximately 22,000 infants died or suffered permanent disabling sequelae ; 4,000 stillbirths occurred ; 10,000 infants acquired perinatal HIV . About 90,000 infants developed eye infections , and ...
... infertile as a result of infection . Approximately 22,000 infants died or suffered permanent disabling sequelae ; 4,000 stillbirths occurred ; 10,000 infants acquired perinatal HIV . About 90,000 infants developed eye infections , and ...
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Contents
Challenges for International Health Policy programs and Research | 7 |
Current and Future Dimensions of the Problem in the Third World | 35 |
PROGRAMMATIC ISSUES | 59 |
Important of Reproductive Tract Infections Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Cervical Cancer | 61 |
The Responsibility to prevent both Pregnancy and Reproductive Tract Infections | 93 |
The Need for Complementary STD Control | 131 |
Opportunities to Protect both Women and Children from the Adverse Consequences of Reproductive Tract Infections | 145 |
ACTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION | 183 |
COUNTRY CASES | 251 |
Solutions in a Difficult Economic Climate | 253 |
Insights for Action from Research | 275 |
Challenges for a Fragile Health Infrastructure | 297 |
The Need for Comprehensive Reproductive Health Policy and Programs | 317 |
A Case Study of Integrated Services | 343 |
Recommendations for Action | 363 |
List of Authors and Participants At the Bellagio Conference | 373 |
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Common terms and phrases
abortion adverse outcome Africa AIDS antenatal associated asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis cervical cancer chancroid Chlamydia trachomatis chlamydial infection commercial sex condoms contraceptive control programs cost cost-effective CSWs delivery developing countries developing world diagnosis ectopic pregnancy effective epidemiology family planning clinics female genital tract genital ulcer gonococcal infection gonorrhea groups HIV infection HIV transmission Holmes KK hospital human immunodeficiency virus Ibadan impact implement incidence increased infants infertility interventions Kenya male maternal morbidity mortality Nairobi Neisseria gonorrhoeae neonatal Nigeria Obstet Gynecol patients pelvic inflammatory disease percent perinatal Piot population postpartum pregnant women prevention and control Priority reproductive health Reproductive Tract Infections risk factors role RTIs screening sepsis sequelae sexual behavior sexual partners sexually active sexually transmitted diseases social spermicides STD clinic STD control strategies Table Third World treatment Trichomonas tubal urethritis vaginal Wasserheit JN women's health World Health Organization