layers in time pull apart, separating from each other. The same conditions which caused them to pull against each other now cause them to run and chafe. This produces friction and heat. The different layers soon wear each other out, and as soon as some one place becomes too weak to sustain the inside air pressure, the tire gives way with a "blow-out."

The tire manufacturer tries to make perfect casings and tubes. A perfect casing and tube is one of the factors of good tire service. The other factor is correct air pressure, and this is up to the motorist.

The motorist can take two precautions against under-inflation; one is to inflate the tire properly at first and the other is to add to the tire every few days enough air to balance what has been lost in the meantime. No tire is absolutely air-tight, so it should be inflated every few days.

Under-inflation ruin can be avoided by observing the following rule. Cut this out and carry it in your pocket or paste it up in your garage: Keep tire inflated according to the following: 22-inch- 50 lbs. 42-inch- 90 lbs. 5 -inch-100 lbs. 51⁄2-inch-110 lbs. 6-inch-120 lbs.

3-inch- 60 lbs.

31⁄2-inch- 70 lbs.

4 inch 80 lbs.

Quaker Oats as Related to Good Health. That the doctors of the land shall look a little beneath the surface of Quaker Oats advertising as it has ordinarily appeared, is the purpose of the manufacturers, who have recently increased

their use of medical journals in order to tell the physicians the facts about Puffed Grains and Quaker Oats that the general public don't always appreciate.

The company's advertising is emphasizing the importance of its products as health foods. Quaker Oats are shown to possess, in addition to the ordinary nutritive value of oats, a special excellence due to care in picking out only big plump grains. The rolling process then partly prepares the oats for easy digestion.

The puffed grains-Puffed Rice, Puffed Wheat and Corn Puffs-have three qualities which will recommend them to physicians in prescribing diets for delicate stomachs. They are made of whole grains with none of the vitamines removed, they are cooked and toasted through and through by the peculiar exploding process and rendered easily digestible at the same time, and finally they have a taste that will tempt even the most reluctant appetite. A full-sized package will be sent free of charge on request to The Quaker Oats Co., Chicago, Ill.

Rational Treatment of Constipation. Russian mineral oil is now practically out of the market, being obtainable only at prohibitive prices. But that does not mean that we will have to stop the mineral oil treatment of constipation. We are glad to be able to announce that the Standard Oil Company is now putting out a pure white mineral oil, Nujol, which is odorless, tasteless, and equal in every way to the finest imported Russian oil-and at a moderate price.

The mineral oil treatment is the most satisfactory way of dealing with constipation-as tes(Helpful Points continued one leaf over.)

Mellin's Food

Foods Shot
From Guns

Puffed Wheat and Puffed Rice are made in this way:

Whole grains are sealed up in guns. Then the guns are rolled for 60 minutes in 550 degrees of heat. They are thus cooked, baked and toasted as grains never were before.

But the final act explodes those grains. Each separate food granule is blasted to pieces by exploding the steam within it. So more than 100 million explosions are caused in every grain.

As a result, every granule in the grain is fitted for easy digestion. No other process breaks up even half of them. This process breaks them all. It was invented by Prof. Anderson, formerly of Columbia University.

In addition, these are food confections, with a taste like toasted nuts. Nothing tastes better with cream and sugar or floated in bowls of milk.

Helpful Points

tified by many eminent physicians. In "Rational Treatment of Constipation" the Standard Oil Company has collected some of the interesting medical testimony concerning this treatment. It will be sent to you free on request to Dept. R., Standard Oil Company, Bayonne, N. J.

A Reliable Milk Supply.

To correct infantile intestinal infections which are so dangerous in the summer season, the best prophylactic plan is to find a milk supply which is reliable, Borden's Eagle Brand Condensed Milk meets every requirement; it is clean, safe, wholesome, palatable and constantly uniform in composition. Write to Borden's Condensed Milk Co., New York City, mentioning MEDICAL COUNCIL, and they will send you sample, analysis, feeding charts and a 50-page book, "Baby's Welfare. This is a handsomely bound and illustrated book which will materially help the mothers in the care of your infant patients. Write for as many as you need. They are yours for the asking.

To Correct Mal-Positions.

In treating your cases of cystocele, rectocele, procidentia or other uterine mal-positions, have you tried the Huston-Baird air cushion Pessary? It is suspended from the shoulders, can be easily adjusted by the patient, and worn with perfect comfort. The price is $5.00 complete, and $3 without the shoulder straps. It will pay you to write for particulars to Huston Bros. Co., Atlas Huston Bldg., Chicago, Ill.

To Make Your Work Easier. Here is a Clinical Record that will help you to lighten your work. And it is free for the asking. It is for the physicians' bedside use, the practical, working record you have been wanting. Write today to Postum Cereal Co., Battle Creek, Mich., and the Clinical Record will be sent to you free.

Do You Know About This?

There is a more efficient method of treating spinal trouble than by the old, torturous methods of plaster, leather, steel and other rigid jackets. The consensus of opinion now is in favor of a light, cool, comfortable appliance, giving adequate support, and gentle, firm, pressure where necessary, and yet permitting free action of muscles, and normal respiration and heart action. On investigation you will find that the Sheldon Appliance meets all these requirements.

You will want to know about this efficient spinal appliance. Address Philo Burt Mfg. Co., 115 6th St., Jamestown, N. Y.-they will send you all the facts and their plan of co-operation with physicians. The subject of the spinal supporter is gone into thoroughly and ably.

The Best Evacuant.

The greatest care should be used in prescribing an evacuant, to guard against the tendency of many cathartics to cause a binding after-effect. Robins Pil. Cascara Comp. stimulates a flow of secretions, thus encouraging a normal physiological evacuation; normalizing peristaltic action instead of inhibiting it. The A. H. Robins Co., Richmond, Va., will send you liberal samples for you to try it out. A trial is the most convincing argument for this evacuant.

(Helpful Points continued one leaf crer.)

WA AR IS A TEACHER of many things its horrors have taught us much about tetanus. The soil, particularly garden soil like that of Belgium, is alive with anæærobic bacteria-B. edematis maligni, B. ærogenes capsulatus, B. perfringens and the B. tetani-whose natural habitat is in the intestinal tract of herbivorous animals, under anaerobic conditions and high temperature. Carried into the soil they form spores, which carried into a wound may find anærobic conditions again and grow into active bacillary forms. Infected from soil, especially surface soil, a victim has to do with spores; but from heaps of manure the infection is bacillary.

A wound with anaerobic conditions and infected with spores will vegetate them into bacilli, though a limited number of the spores may enter the blood stream and be destroyed by the oxygen and by phagocy

tosis. But such a wound made ærobic will not vegetate the spores, and there is time to prevent tetanus. An anærobic conditioned wound with bacillary infection from manure admits of no delay in treatment.

Unfortunately anærobic conditioned wounds result from bullets or shell frag'ments. The contusion of the tissues, the arrest of capillary circulation, the zone of venous congestion, the presence of aerobic pyogenic bacteria which use up the limited supply of oxygen in their growth-all these generate anærobic conditions promptly, and the spores of the bacilli productive of tetanus and emphysematous gangrene will vegetate rapidly, spreading the anaerobic area and producing conditions of extreme and immediate danger. Then, when the wound begins to produce nitrogen, sulphuretted hydrogen and carburetted hydrogen gases, all oxygen is displaced and a fatal result comes from a fulminating anaerobic infection. This may all come from spore infection; when it is from bacilli the course is much more rapid, as this dreadful war

No. 7

has shown in countless instances. Battlefield infection may be purely from B. tetani, but usually is more complex, as has been intimated.

Pure Tetanus Infection.

This is more familiar to the American reader, and it is the toxins rather than the bacilli which cause trouble, although these toxins have no very great local effect. Tetanus bacilli do not invade neighboring structures to any great extent. Sugically considered the problem is slight, since these wounds in civil life, or accidental bullet entry, are readily enough treated and show no tendency to become gangrenous. From the standpoint of infection and immunity, also, we have to do with a simple toxemia. From the standpoint of histo-pathology there is a different story to tell, for here we have to meet the fact that the tetanus toxin

has a special affinity for nerve tissue. With a very slight spore infection there may be little trouble, since the rate of absorption of toxins is slow and an immunity becomes established. Doubtless there are many unrecognized cases of mild tetanus, especially on the farm. With bad infection and an anærobic conditioned wound, as is seen so frequently on the 4th of July, there is a different story to tell, and physicians can not be too suspicious of these wounds, as also penetrating injuries from manure forks and soil-rusted nails.

Treatment.

Surgeons have long taught us always to open up the wound and apply light dressings which do not exclude the air. War experience has shown that germicides applied to the wound with the expectation of killing the spores or bacilli at once are not to be depended upon. Even the time-honored turpentine is a mere makeshift. Continuous oxygenation, a new procedure, is generally accepted as being necessary in the prevention of anaerobic conditions in the wound. Fequent irrigation with hydrogen

peroxide is highly commended; but peroxides of calcium and barium, as well as sodium perborate, are equally effective. Barium salts are somewhat toxic and must be handled carefully. Sodium perborate, which is decomposed by water into hydrogen peroxide and sodium metaborate and is used both as a dusting powder and in 2 per cent. solution, is very satisfactory and safe, even the full-strength powder being used safely. The most effective germicide is pure phenol, which is also used, as suggested by Bacelli, as an injection into the subcutaneous tissues once every twentyfour hours and even once in four hours if contractions continue, using each time 20 cc. of a 1 per cent. solution of phenol in distilled water containing 5 per cent. of glycerin. Make injections into the connective tissue of the arm, thigh or the abdominal wall, as well as near to the infected tract.

Auregan employs, as a dressing for the wound, a 25 per cent. suspension of colloidal iodine, as well as 20 per cent. oleagenous suspension in the form of intramuscular injections, as noted in The Lancet, February 27, 1915.

In Germany, magnesium sulphate is used

hours injecting into the spinal canal as much of the patient's own blood as will take the place of the cerebrospinal fluid withdrawn. Foulerton, in The Lancet, March 6, 1915, laying little stress upon such injection, suggests in its place the intracerebral injection of serum, which seems reasonable.

From some rather horrible experiences with tetanus in past years, certainly we can turn with relief to the use of the above more effective means of treatment, with, of course, the surgical attention not elaborated in this editorial because so well known. Don't, we beg of you, depend upon insufficient treatment or ordinary drug therapy in handling cases of tetanus. We know doctors who argue strenuously that some pet drug of theirs will cure practically every case of tetanus. Don't be so deluded, especially if, on the 4th of July, you have a case of penetrating injury from a blank cartridge or a giant cracker.

A Recrudescence of the Medicinal Treatment of Cancer.

tion is used subcutaneously, giving 1 cc. for every 25 pounds of body weight once in twenty-four hours. Sometimes it proves toxic, when calcium chloride (5 cc. of a 5 per cent. solution) is injected as an antidote, which is at once effective.

Symptomatic medication must not be neglected, hydrated chloral being in favor, with a few practitioners using gelsemium. This latter has been worth while in our hands only in very large doses pushed to effect.

Antitetanic Serum.

Remember that this is purely antitoxic, having no effect on the activity of the bacillus, but antidoting the toxin. Therefore give it for prophylaxis, repeating the dose every second day for ten to twelve days. Curatively, it merely neutralizes, according to its potency, some or all of the circulating toxins and part of that accumulated in the nervous tissues. A continuing output of toxin requires a corresponding amount of antitoxin, and much judgment must be used in the curative employment of serum. Use it early and use enough. Vipond, in British Med. Jour., February 13, 1915, suggests inoculation with antitetanic serum and after twenty-four or thirty-six

Horovitz, Ph.D., developed a vegetable remedy for cancer. Interesting Prof. S. P. Beebe, of Cornell University, the remedy has been tried out and with surprisingly good results in inoperable cases, although the Cornell faculty had at first no reason to expect any positive influence from these simple botanic drugs incorporated into an extract for hypodermic use, a pill for internal administration and an external application, none of which are yet available commercially, but are being investigated, as reported in a recent issue of the New York Medical Journal.

The formula is composed of menyanthes trifoliata (buckbean or marsh trefoil), a tonic, cathartic and alterative; melilotus officinalis (melilot or sweet clover, the white variety being that most used in medicine), claimed by the Eclectics to be a stimulant to feeble vital power, especially with poor circulation; mentha crispa, a species of mint; brassica alba (white mustard), which contains sinalbin; anemone hepatica (probably anemone patents, as botanical lists show no anemone hepatica), the anemone species being known in medicine as pulsatilla; viola tricolor (pansy), an alterative; anthemis (chamomile); fructus