The United States Institute of Peace was established to strengthen the Nation's capacity to promote international peace and the peaceful resolution of conflicts among the peoples and nations of the world. The United States Institute of Peace was established as an independent, Federal, nonprofit corporation by act of October 19, 1984 (22 U.S.C. 4603). The purpose of the Institute is to develop and disseminate knowledge about the peaceful resolution of international conflict. To accomplish this the Institute has set the following goals: -to provide creative practical insights through research, education, and training on negotiation, mediation, and other skills to those actively engaged in resolving international conflicts; -to expand the body of knowledge about the nature and processes of peace, war, and international conflict management; and -to disseminate information to the public about these subjects. Among the Institute's instruments are grants, fellowships, a library, and inhouse projects. The Grants Program provides financial support to nonprofit organizations, including private colleges and universities; official public institutions, including public schools, colleges, universities, libraries, and Federal, State, and local agencies; and individuals, whether or not they are associated with nonprofit or official public institutions. The Jennings Randolph Program for International Peace provides fellowships to scholars and leaders in peace to undertake research and other appropriate forms of communication on issues of international peace and the management of international conflict. The Fellowship Program has three levels: Jennings Randolph Distinguished Fellows, persons whose careers show extraordinary accomplishment concerning questions of international peace; United States Institute of Peace Fellows, persons also of accomplishment but somewhat less eminence; and United States Institute of Peace Scholars, persons working on doctoral dissertations in the field. The Jeannette Rankin Library Program is developing four main components on international peacemaking: a specialized research library; a network with and support for other libraries, both specialized and public; an oral history resource; and bibliographic as well as other data bases. Institute-directed projects under the Education and Public Information Program include an educational TV program and cassette programs on such topics as U.S.-Soviet summitry and a National Peace Essay Contest for high school students. The in-house Research and Studies Program is completing a broad, systematic examination of peace and conflict management theories and features workshops and seminars. Institute publications include a biennial report to Congress and the President; a newsletter, the United States Institute of Peace Journal; and short issue papers, In Brief. For further information, contact the United States Institute of Peace, 1550 M Street NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20005-1708. Phone, 202-457-1700. Selected Multilateral MULTILATERAL INTERNATIONAL STATES PARTICIPATES Explanatory note: Descriptions of most of the organizations listed below may be found in the publication entitled United States Contributions to International Organizations, Fiscal Year 1987 (Department of State Publication 9507). The United States participates in the organizations named below in accordance with the provisions of treaties, other international agreements, congressional legislation, or executive arrangements. In some cases, no financial contribution is involved. Various commissions, councils, or committees subsidiary to the organizations listed here are not named separately on this list. These include the international bodies for narcotics control, which are subsidiary to the United States. V. Other International Organizations International Law International Agency for Research on Cancer International Agreement on the Maintenance of Certain Lights in the International Bureau of the Permanent International Bureau of Weights and Measures International Center for the Study of the Preservation and the Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) International Coffee Organization International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas International Cotton Advisory Committee International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) International Council of Scientific Unions and Its Associated Unions (20) International Criminal Police Organization International Hydrographic Organization International Institute for Cotton International Institute for the Unification of Private Law International Jute Organization International Lead and Zinc Study Group International Natural Rubber Organization International North Pacific Fisheries International Office of Epizootics International Rubber Study Group International Union for the Protection of Interparliamentary Union North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Permanent International Association of VI. Special Voluntary Programs Convention on International Trade in Fund for the Protection of the World International Atomic Agency Technical Development (Specialized Agency) OAS Special Development Assistance OAS Special Multilateral Fund (Education and Science) OAS Special Projects Fund (Mar del PAHO Special Health Promotion Funds Fund United Nations Center for Human Settlements (HABITAT) United Nations Children's Fund United Nations Development Fund for United Nations Development Program Program for South Africa United Nations Environment Program United Nations High Commissioner for United Nations Relief and Works Agency United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa United Nations Voluntary Fund for the Victims of Torture United Nations Volunteers West African Rice Development WMO Voluntary Cooperation Program African Development Bank The African Development Bank (AFDB) was formed in 1963 by 33 independent African countries to contribute, individually and jointly, to the economic and social progress of its regional members. In 1973, non-African countries joined with AFDB to establish the African Development Fund (AFDF) as the concessional lending affiliate of AFDB. The Fund loans only to the poorest African countries. Membership in the Bank was limited to 50 African nations until late 1982 when nonregional countries began to join the institution. The United States became a member of AFDF in 1976 by virtue of the African Development Fund Act (22 U.S.C. 290g nt.), and in February 1983 the United States became a member of AFDB by virtue of the African Development Bank Act (22 U.S.C. 290i nt.). Asian Development Bank Headquarters: 2330 Roxas Boulevard, Metro Manila, Philippines President: Masao Fujioka The Agreement establishing the Asian Development Bank came into effect on August 22, 1966, when it was ratified by 15 governments. The Bank commenced operations on December 19, 1966. The United States became a member by virtue of the Asian Development Bank Act of March 16, 1966 (22 U.S.C. 285). The purpose of the Bank is to foster economic growth and contribute to the acceleration of economic development of the developing member countries in Asia, collectively and individually. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Headquarters: Rome, Italy Director General: Edouard Saouma (Lebanon) Liaison Office for North America: Suite 300, 1001 Twenty-second Street NW., Washington, DC 20437. Phones: 202-653-2400 (Director), 202-653-2402 (FAO Library), 202-653-2398 (Administration), 202-653-2458 (Economics) North American Representative: Roger A. Sorenson The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) officially came into being on October 16, 1945, with the signing of its constitution by the delegates of 44 member nations meeting in Quebec, Canada. By December 1985 its membership had increased to 158 nations. FAO derives its authority and funds from its member governments, but works closely with the United Nations, of which it is an autonomous, specialized agency. The Organization's purpose, as set forth in the preamble to its constitution, is "raising levels of nutrition and standards of living of the peoples under their respective jurisdictions, securing improvements in the efficiency of the production and distribution of all food and agricultural products, bettering the condition of rural populations, and thus contributing toward an expanding world economy." Inter-American Defense Board 2600 Sixteenth Street NW., Washington, DC 20441. Phone, 202-939-6660 Chairman: Maj. Gen. Bernard Loeffke, USA The Inter-American Defense Board is a permanently constituted, international organization, autonomous within the inter-American system, composed of army, navy, and air officers appointed by the governments of American Republics. Its constitutional sources are: Resolution XXXIX of the Meeting of Foreign Ministers at Rio de Janeiro in January 1942; Resolution XXXIV of the Ninth International Conference of American States held in Bogotá, Colombia, in April 1948; and Resolution III of the Fourth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, held in Washington, DC, March-April 1951. The Board studies and recommends to the governments of the American |