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THE ORGANIC LAWS

OF

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Page xxix

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ARTICLE [XIX.]

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

PROPOSAL AND RATIFICATION

The nineteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Sixty-sixth Congress, on the 4th of May, 1919, and was declared, in a proclamation of the Secretary of State, dated the 26th of August, 1920, to have been ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin and Washington, Wyoming.

West

Virginia,

This amendment was ratified by Virginia, February 21, 1952 (after having rejected it on February 12, 1920); Florida, May 13, 1969; South Carolina, July 1, 1969 (after having rejected it on January 28, 1920); Georgia, February 20, 1970 (after having rejected it on July 24, 1919); Louisiana, June 11, 1970 (after having rejected it on July 1, 1920).

ARTICLE [XXVI.]

SECTION 1. The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

SEC. 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

PROPOSAL AND RATIFICATION

This amendment was proposed by the Ninety-second Congress by Senate Joint Resolution No. 7, which was approved by the Senate on Mar. 10, 1971, and by the House of Representatives on Mar. 23, 1971. It was declared by the Administrator of General Services on July 5, 1971, to have been ratified.

This amendment was ratified by the following States: Connecticut, March 23, 1971; Delaware, March 23, 1971; Minnesota, March 23, 1971; Tennessee, March 23, 1971; Washington, March 23, 1971; Hawaii, March 24, 1971; Massachusetts, March 24, 1971; Montana, March 29, 1971; Arkansas, March 30, 1971; Idaho, March 30, 1971; Iowa, March 30, 1971; Nebraska, April 2, 1971; New Jersey, April 3, 1971; Kansas, April 7, 1971; Michigan, April 7, 1971; Alaska, April 8, 1971; Maryland, April 8, 1971; Indiana, April 8, 1971; Maine, April 9, 1971; Vermont, April 16, 1971; Louisiana, April 17, 1971; California, April 19, 1971; Colorado, April 27, 1971; Pennsylvania, April 27, 1971; Texas, April 27, 1971; South Carolina, April 28, 1971; West Virginia, April 28, 1971; New Hampshire, May 13, 1971; 'Arizona, May 14, 1971; Rhode Island, May 27, 1971; New York, June 2, 1971; Oregon, June 4, 1971; Missouri, June 14, 1971; Wisconsin, June 22, 1971; Illinois, June 29, 1971; Alabama, June 30, 1971; Ohio, June 30, 1971; North Carolina, July 1, 1971; Oklahoma, July 1, 1971.

Ratification was completed on July 1, 1971.

The amendment was subsequently ratified by Virginia, July 8, 1971; Wyoming, July 8, 1971; Georgia, October 4, 1971.

CERTIFICATION OF VALIDITY

Publication of the certifying statement of the Administrator of General Services that the Amendment had be

come valid was made on July 7, 1971, F.R. Doc. 71-9691, 36 F.R. 12725.

PROPOSED AMENDMENT

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each House concurring therein), That the following article is proposed as an amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission by the Congress:

[EQUAL RIGHTS FOR MEN AND WOMEN]

"ARTICLE

"SECTION 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

"SEC. 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

"SEC. 3. This amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification."

Passed by Congress on March 22, 1972 and submitted to the Legislatures of the States for ratification under Const. art. 5.

This article shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of the Constitution of the United States when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission by the Congress.

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Page XXXI

TITLE 28.-JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE

This title was enacted by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 1, 62 Stat. 869

Part I.-ORGANIZATION OF COURTS

Chapter 3.-COURTS OF APPEALS

§ 41. Number and composition of circuits.

COMMISSION ON REVISION OF THE FEDERAL COURT
APPELLATE SYSTEM

Pub. L. 92-489, Oct. 13, 1972, 86 Stat. 807, provided: "[Section 1. Establishment; functions: changes in boundaries of the circuits, structure and internal procedures of Federal courts of appeal system; reports to President, Congress, and Chief Justice]. That there is hereby established a Commission on Revision of the Federal Court Appellate System (hereinafter referred to as 'Commission') whose function shall be

"(a) to study the present division of the United States into the several judicial circuits and to report to the President, the Congress, and the Chief Justice its recommendations for changes in the geographical boundaries of the circuits as may be most appropriate for the expeditious and effective disposition of judicial business.

"(b) to study the structure and internal procedures of the Federal courts of appeal system, and to report to the President, the Congress, and the Chief Justice its recommendations for such additional changes in structure or internal procedure as may be appropriate for the expeditious and effective disposition of the caseload of the Federal courts of appeal, consistent with fundamental concepts of fairness and due process. "Sec. 2 [Membership; vacancies; Chairman and Vice Chairman; quorum and hearings]. (a) The Commission shall be composed of sixteen members appointed as follows:

"(1) four members appointed by the President of the United States;

"(2) four Members of the Senate appointed by the President pro tempore of the Senate;

"(3) four Members of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and

"(4) four members appointed by the Chief Justice of the United States.

"(b) Any vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment.

"(c) The Commission shall elect a Chairman and a Vice Chairman from among its members.

"(d) Nine members of the Commission shall constitute a quorum, but three may conduct hearings.

"Sec. 3 [Compensation and travel expenses]. (a) Members of the Commission who are officers, or full-time employees, of the United States shall receive no additional compensation for their services, but shall be reimbursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred in the performance of duties vested in the Commission, but not exceeding the maximum amounts authorized under section 456 of title 28, United States Code.

"(b) Members of the Commission from private life shall receive $100 per diem for each day (including traveltime) during which he is engaged in the actual performance of duties vested in the Commission, plus reimbursement for travel, subsistence, and other necessary expenses incurred in the performance of such duties, but not in Page 1123

20-347 0-74-vol. 2- -3

excess of the maximum amounts authorized under section 456 of title 28, United States Code.

"Sec. 4 [Executive Director; personnel; appointment and compensation; experts and consultants; administrative and research services]. (a) The Commission may appoint an Executive Director who shall receive compensation at a rate not exceeding that prescribed for level V of the Executive Schedule.

"(b) The Executive Director, with approval of the Commission, may appoint and fix the compensation of such additional personnel as he deems necessary, without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service or the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 relating to classification and General Schedule pay rates: Provided, however, That such compensation shall not exceed the annual rate of basic pay for GS-18 of the General Schedule under section 5332, title 5, United States Code. "(c) The Director may procure personal services of experts and consultants as authorized by section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, at rates not to exceed the highest level payable under the General Schedule pay rates, section 5332, title 5, United States Code.

"(d) The Administrative Office of the United States Court shall provide administrative services, including filnancial and budgeting services, for the Commission on a reimbursable basis. The Federal Judicial Center shall provide necessary research services on a reimbursable basis. "Sec. 5 [Governmental cooperation]. The Commission is authorized to request from any department, agency, or independent instrumentality of the Government any information and assistance it deems necessary to carry out its functions under this Act and each such department, agency, and independent instrumentality is authorized to provide such information and assistance to the extent permitted by law when requested by the Chairman of the Commission.

"Sec. 6 [Reports to President, Congress, and Chief Justice; termination]. The Commission shall transmit to the President, the Congress, and the Chief Justice

"(1) its report under section 1(a) of this Act within one hundred and eighty days of the date on which its ninth member is appointed; and

"(2) its report under section 1(b) of this Act within fifteen months of the date on which its ninth member is appointed.

"The Commission shall cease to exist ninety days after the date of the submission of its second report.

"Sec. 7 [Authorization of appropriations]. There are hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Commission such sums, but not more than $270,000, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act. Authority is hereby granted for appropriated money to remain available until expended."

Chapter 5.-DISTRICT COURTS

§ 98. Louisiana.

Louisiana is divided into three judicial districts to be known as the Eastern, Middle, and Western Districts of Louisiana.

Eastern District

(a) The Eastern District comprises the parishes of Assumption, Jefferson, Lafourche, Orleans, Plaque

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