Massage is a very satisfactory means of causing a rapid disappearance of the discoloration. The area involved is smeared with the ointment of the yellow oxide of mercury, or white vaseline will answer equally well, and then gentle massage is practised for five or ten minutes at a time, or longer, several times a day.

If it is extremely desirable to cause a very rapid disappearance of the blood stain, the hot compresses may be used continuously and the massage for a number of hours. By these means the disfigurement may be almost if not entirely removed within twenty-four hours, or even sooner, after the subsidence of the swelling.

It is the practice among the laity, and especially with pugilists, to prick or incise the swollen lids as soon as possible, and to suck out or press out the blood, or to apply leeches to the bruised area. This has a favorable effect in reducing the amount of swelling and subsequent discoloration, but it is objectionable because it produces an open wound, which may become infected and may lead to abscess of the lid.

Some of the men who make a business of painting "black eyes" also treat them so as to remove the discoloration, and claim to do this in from four to seven hours. The writer visited the rooms of one of these men and watched his process of treating a "black eye." The procedure is not attempted until the swelling has subsided. The patient lies upon a lounge, and for several hours a poultice is applied to the discolored lids. This poultice consists of scrapings from some fresh, thick, fleshy root, the nature of which is kept secret. Probably it is the root of the black bryony, mentioned by Lawson: "A remedy which has for many years received considerable credit is a poultice of the black bryony root. It is made by mixing some of the black bryony root scraped finely with a little crumb of bread. This is placed in a muslin bag over the palpebræ for several hours together, and usually it has an excellent effect in promoting the action of the absorbent vessels." The writer satisfied himself that such a poultice is really effective in dispersing and removing the discoloration.

DR. C. H. MAY.

WORLD one year and Dr. Waugh's book, $5. You need them both.

(An average of 80 per cent. is required in order to pass.) CHEMISTRY.

1. What is valency and equivalence?
2. What is a base?

3. In what way is CO, prepared ?

4. In what three ways may molecules differ?

5. Give an example of spontaneous combustion.

6. Symbolize or name some compounds of potassium.

7. What is fermentation and what are the conditions of its occurrency?

8. Write four classes of human food. 9. Into what must albuminates be chemically changed before they can be absorbed by the human body?

10. How can you chemically test the presence of blood?

7. How many pairs of dorsal nerves are there?

8. Name three salivary glands.

4. How are fractures generally classified?

5. What are the symptoms of fracture

10. In which mediastinal space is the esophagus?

MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE.

1. Define medical jurisprudence as you understand it.

2. What is expert testimony?

3. For expert testimony given in the State of Illinois, can a medical man collect extra fees?

4. In Illinois, what is the age of consent?

5. What is narcomania and what are its several causes?

6. Differentiate between alcoholic mania and acute mania arising from other

causes.

7. In the order of their greatest prevalence, give the principal causes of insanity. 8. How would you differentiate between true and feigned insanity?

9. Briefly describe an insane delusion. 10. An insane hallucination.

HYGIENE.

1. What do you understand by the term hygiene?

2. Name the principal acute infectious diseases.

3. What is the order of their greatest prevalence in the northern states?

4. Give the differential diagnosis between measles and scarlatina.

5. Between variola and varicella.

6. Describe the phenomena of vaccination.

7. In what condition is the expectoration of a consumptive most surely contagious?

8. Name some conditions that render the individual susceptible to the contagion of tuberculosis.

9. What are phagocytes and what service are they supposed to perform?

10. What is the germ of tetanus and from what common media is it often derived?

SURGERY.

1. How would you diagnose chronic hypertrophy of the prostate? Describe the operation considered best at the present time.

2. What is hydrocele? Give treatment. 3. What is intussusception? Give symptoms, prognosis and treatment.

6. Name the varieties of complete dislocations of both the radius and the ulna at the elbow joint.

7. How would you dress a compound fracture of the extremities?

8. What is necrosis and what bones are most liable to this disease? Give treatment.

9. Describe amputation of the hip joint. What is the prognosis?

10. What do you understand by Colles' fracture? Give symptoms and treatment.

MATERIA MEDICA.

1. Describe the physiologic acts of acidum arsenosum.

2. Give the different actions of the bromid salts. How would you avoid bromidism?

3. Name the preparations and alkaloids of opium.

4. Describe the therapeutic value of ferrum and ergota.

5. Write a prescription for a case of pertussis, and outline general treatment. 6. Compare ether and chloroform.

7. What would you do in case of strychnin poisoning?

8. Define diuretics and diaphoretics.
9. Give the composition of:-

Mistura glycyrrhiza composita.
Tinctura gentiana composita.
Pulvus rhei composita.

10. Give indications for internal use of santonin and give dose in child.

PATHOLOGY.

1. What are the tissue changes caused by the tubercle bacilli?

2. Give the pathology of cirrhosis of the liver.

3. Name the pyogenic bacteria. 4. Give the blood changes in chlorosis. 5. Give morbid anatomy of arteriosclerosis.

6. Give morbid anatomy of typhoid

fever.

7. Name the tumors that develop from the middle embryonal layer.

8. Give the histology of carcinomatous tumors.

9. What is amyloid degeneration? 10. Give the pathology of locomotor ataxia.

PRACTICE.

1. Give differential diagnosis between typhilitis and perityphilitis.

2. Describe causes, symptoms and treatment of rural calculi.

3. Give morbid anatomy and treatment of dysentery.

4. Enuresis, its causes and treatment. 5. Name the various forms of cardiac hypertrophy and give physical signs.

6. Give differential diagnosis between acute meningitis and acute uremia.

7. Etiology, symptoms and treatment of scorbutus.

8. Give physical signs of bronchial asthma, and outline general treatment. 9. Write what you know of edema glottidis.

10. What would you do in a severe case of epistaxis?

OBSTETRICS.

1. How would you arrest threatened abortion?

2. What is dysmenorrhea? Give causes, symptoms and treatment.

3. What is hydatiform mole? Give treatment.

4. Name the diameters of the pelvis and give normal measurements of each.

5. Which is the most serious displacement of the uterus in pregnancy, and how should it be treated?

6. Is it advisable to attempt to convert a third or fourth position to a first or second position?

7. How would you proceed in changing a fourth position into a second position? 8. What would you do in case of a transverse position?

9. How would you apply the forceps in after coming head-in breech presentation ?

10. What is placenta previa ? Give treatment.

GYNECOLOGY.

1. Give nerve supply of the uterus. 2. Describe the pelvic peritoneum, giving its relations to the pelvic organs. 3. Give the minute anatomy of the

ovaries.

4. Describe the endometrium.

5. Give the course, symptoms and treatment of tuberculosis of the pelvic organs.

6. Give the differential diagnosis between extrauterine gestation and pelvic

abscess.

7. What are the counter indications for the use of the sound?

8. What are the causes of prolapsus uteri?

9. Give symptoms and treatment of carcinoma of the cervix uteri.

10. Give the treatment of acute pelvic peritonitis.

Class-Room Notes.

[From Dunglison's College and Clinical Record.] -Quinin is the drug indicated in Periodic Browache. It is just as useful here as in malaria.-Dercum.

-Prof. Hare recommends belladonna in cases of Dribbling Urine due to a lack of tone in the urinary sphincter.

-Starch-water and laudanum injections often check Abortions and stop the pain incident to these threatening conditions. Further to be employed are rest in bed, cold acid drinks and opium suppositories. -Parvin.

-A good emulsion of cod-liver oil given in rapidly ascending doses will often cure a case of Subacute Bronchitis, when all other

remedies have failed.-Hare.

- When closing incisions Prof. Hearn avoids, when possible to do so, passing the suture thru the skin into the deeper tissues. By this precaution he lessens the danger of infection by the staphylococcus epidermidis albus.

You can no more Abort Typhoid Fever than you can abort a cyclone. What you want to do as practitioners is to let the disease run its course and give drugs, sponge or tub baths only when absolutely needed. Nourish your patient."-Hare.

-When doing a Partial Oophorectomy the question is often asked, "How great a porquestion is often asked, tion of the ovary is necessary to have the organ functionate?" Some of the ovarian stroma is all that is needed. I make it a rule to remove only the diseased portion of an ovary.-Montgomery.

-Potassium Chlorate should not be given in diphtheria or scarlet fever. These diseases in themselves predispose to kidney irritation. It is not rational then to administer a drug that irritates the kidney, unless used in such small doses as to be valueless in these diseases.-J. C. Wilson.

-In no case of Hemorrhoids in the Female should you operate or give an opinion until the uterus has been examined for displacement. Operations, where hemorrhoids are due to displacement of that organ, are never satisfactory, unless the displacement be corrected.-Montgomery.

-Where Rupture of the Uterus is threatened, delivery must be done promptly without regard to the delivery of a living child. Embryotomy should be done if necessary. The symptoms of rupture are: The ascension of Shroeder's contraction ring; tenseness of the round ligaments; great tenderness of the uterus; rapid, hard pulse; anxious expression of the patient's face.-Parvin.

-In my experience there is no drug equal to ichthyol for the local treatment of Erysipelas. It relieves the itching and tingling, and lessens the course of the disease. After cleansing the affected with soap and hot water, apply the following ointment:

area

M. SIG. Spread on diseased area and cover with a soft cloth.-Hare.

-There is nothing that will hasten the First Stage of Labor so much as thoroly emptying the bladder and the rectum. If necessary, catheterize the bladder. A good rectal enema is made of:

-In the vast majority of cases, where Hemorrhage occurs during Typhoid Fever, there is a history of the patient having walked around during the illness. When you have a good free hemorrhage from a vessel, I believe ergot does harm. It raises arterial pressure and thus increases the hemorrhage. Calcium chlorid is worth trying in these cases. Give it in five-grain doses, well diluted in water, every two or three hours. This drug decreases hemorrhage by increasing the coagulability of the blood. Hare.

-In establishing Drainage after Amputation Prof. Hearn uses two short rubber tubes rather than one continuous tube. These tubes are held together end to end by a single suture of catgut. When ready to remove the tube, he pulls on both ends, the catgut readily separates, and there is no danger of infection by dragging exposed rubber through the track of the tube.

-Accidental Detachment of the Placenta is diagnosticated by the rapid weak pulse, faintness and pallor, and if the hemorrhage

is severe, by all the symptoms of shock. When the placenta is attached low down in the uterus external hemorrhage is often seen. Treatment is rupture of the membranes to bring the pressure of the fetus against the placenta and stop the hemorrhage, to hasten dilatation and to rapidly

terminate the labor.-E. P. Davis.

-Prof. Hare insists upon it that surgeons are too careless about Keeping their In this Patients Warm while operating. connection he related an amusing incident of a celebrated English cerebral surgeon keeping the monkeys upon which he was experimenting in a hot-water bath during anesthesia to prevent them dying from pneumonia. During the same day this surgeon kept a woman under ether for two hours with but a gown and thin sheet to keep her warm. Prof. Hare firmly believes that many cases of post-operative pneumonia would be averted if surgeons were more careful on this point.

-There is no excuse for your not knowing whether Involution is proceeding properly. He who cares well for a woman during her puerperium must know her

condition.

He must know that her womb is going

down.

He must know the condition of her lochia.

He must know her temperature. He must carefully watch her pulse. He must thoroly examine the breasts and nipples.-E. P. Davis.

-For the treatment of Serous Diarrhea after having thoroly cleansed the intestinal canal, Prof. Hare frequently prescribes :

Ꭱ

Extract. hematoxyli fluid. . f3 ij
Acid. sulphuric. aromat. . f3 ss
Spirit. chloroform . .

f3j Syrup. zingiberis, q. s. ad. f3 iij Sig. Teaspoonful in water every two or three hours.

To this may be added paregoric if there is much pain, or camphor if there is much depression.

You should warn your patient or attendant that the stools will become red; otherwise they may suspect intestinal hemorrhage.

Inclosed find one dollar, for which continue to send me THE MEDICAL WORLD another year. Your articles on the financial question are the clearest and far superior to anything I have ever read. Brother, continue in the good work and God will bless you. The medical department is all that anyone can desire. I will send you a new subscriber shortly. Palmyra, Iowa. J. D. BLAKE, M.D.

Reviews.

"Health of Body and Mind, with some practical suggestions of how to improve both by physical and mental culture,” is the title of an attractive volume by Dr. T. W. Topham, of Brooklyn. The book is beautifully written and copiously illustrated, showing positions for various movements for physical culture. The book is a practical guide how to improve the health and keep well without the use of medicines. That is the very best kind of health-medicines are only necessary evils. The book is published by the book publishing department of the Brooklyn Eagle.

"A History of Yellow Fever with an addendum on its Twin Sister, Dengue," is a resumé of facts collected by Dr. W. L. Coleman, of Houston, Tex., during 40 years of active practice, during which he has passed thru several epidemics of the disease. The book has some surprises in store for the profession, and in view of the dangers of an importation of the disease thru the war in Cuba, is worthy of careful study. Cloth bound,

$1,; paper, 50 cents. It is issued by the Clinic Publishing Company of Chicago, Ill., and is an octavo of 141 pages.

Royalty occupies a unique place in the social organism. Like the queen bee, the members of royalty are given every conceivable luxury and personal privilege. Necessity is never known to them, for there are a thousand hands ready and anxious to give and to serve. This seems strange to us Americans, but it is true-perhaps more true in former times than now-but still true. But nevertheless, royalty is mortal, and in some ways subjected to disagreeable requirements. For example, dignitaries of state must be present at births, to verify the genuineness and sex of the child. The number of persons present at the birth of Marie Antoinette's daughter amounted to a mob. A curious book, called "The Secret Cabinet of History, Peeped into by a Doctor," tells the inner story, particularly the medical side, of many French monarchs. It is not a useful book, but a very interesting one. The following are some of the titles of chapters: "The Fis tula of a Great King;" "The First Pregnancy of