This was a Panel of twenty-one persons of diverse backgrounds and viewpoints, tackling an immensely complex subject. Inevitably, not every member of the Panel is entirely happy with every formulation in the report. But we are unanimous that the main messages and overall balance in this joint product are correct and appropriate. TABLES Executive Summary ES.1: Recommended DOE Budget Authority for Applied Energy-Technology R&D. ES.2: Relation of Applied Energy Technology R&D to "Total Energy R&D". Budget Authority. 1. Energy Challenges and Opportunities 1.1: World and U.S. Energy Supply, 1995. 1.2: World and U.S. Electricity Supply, 1995. 1.3: Energy End-Uses in the United States, Mid-1990s. 1.4: Annual Rates of Improvement in Energy-Technology Performance. 1.5: Turnover Times for Energy Supply and End-Use Technologies. 1.6: Projected Rates of Technical Improvement in Recent CO2 Studies. 2. The Role of R&D and the Changing R&D Paradigm 2.1: DOE Energy-Technology Budget Authority, FY 1997. 2.2: Energy-Technology R&D in the Other G-7 Countries, 1985 and 1995. 2.3: Strategic Criteria for Energy R&D. 3. Energy Efficiency 3.1: Organization of R&D Programs. 3.2: Major Program Strategies. 3.3: Summary of DOE Transportation Programs. 3.4: Potential Benefits from Energy Efficiency Technologies. 3.5: Budget Summaries for Energy Efficiency R&D Buildings. 3.6: Budget Summaries for Energy Efficiency R&D Industry. 4. Fossil Energy 4.1: PCAST Proposed Five-Year (1999-2003) Fossil Energy R&D Budget. ES-3 ES- 4 ES-32 1- 4 1- 4 1- 5 1-18 1-19 1-20 2- 8 2-9 2-22 3- 14 3- 16 3- 22 3-28 3- 29 3-30 3- 31 4- 4 4-24 4.3: Potential CO2 Emissions Reductions from Advanced Coal and Gas Power Systems. FIGURES Executive Summary ES.1: Potential reduction of U.S. oil imports by selected advanced technologies. ES.2: Schematic portrayal of R&D portfolio analysis of carbon-reduction potential. 1. Energy Challenges and Opportunities 1.1: World primary energy supply from 1850 to 1995. 1.2: Past and projected U.S. oil imports, 1950 to 2015. ES-26 1- 6 1- 8 2.7: Energy technology R&D budget authority of DOE and predecessor agencies, 1966 to 1997. 2- 9 |