Soils, Land and Food: Managing the Land During the Twenty-First Century

Front Cover
Cambridge University Press, 2003 M01 9 - 246 pages
A major challenge of the twenty-first century will be to ensure sufficient global food production to cope with the burgeoning world population. Soils, Land and Food is a short text aimed at undergraduates, graduates, agricultural scientists and policy makers which describes how the use of technology in soil management can increase and sustain agricultural production. The book leads the reader through the development of techniques of land management and discusses reasons why some agricultural projects have succeeded while others have failed. It shows how surveying and protecting soils before new land is brought into cultivation, raising soil fertility, increasing inputs and improving economic conditions can all help to increase food production. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for both economic change and technological intervention in developing countries where, in many cases, food production will need to more than double in the next fifty years.

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Contents

Managing land for food production in the twentyfirst century an outline
1
12 Definition of terms
4
13 Importance of sustainable land and soil management
6
Natural resources for sustainable land management
9
23 Climate and vegetation
10
24 Water
14
25 Soils
16
26 Summary
22
72 Soil water
110
73 Water requirement of crops
113
74 Rainfed agriculture
115
75 Irrigation
120
76 Summary
124
Managing change of land use seven examples
127
England
128
83 The Gezira irrigation scheme Sudan
138

The development of agriculture and systems of land management
23
32 Origins of agriculture
24
33 The spread of agriculture from its centres of origin
25
34 Development of techniques
28
35 Land tenure taxation and trade
46
36 Summary
49
Maintaining and improving soil fertility
51
42 Soil properties that affect crop growth
52
43 Nutrients in soil
54
44 Nutrient supply to plant roots
55
45 Importance of soil organic matter
59
46 Nutrient cycling and budgets
62
47 Biological nitrogen fixation
65
48 Effects of cultivations
66
Land degradation and its control
69
causes and effects
70
53 Soil erosion
74
54 Degradation of soil chemical properties
81
55 Degradation of soil physical properties
88
56 Desertification
90
57 Summary
91
Raising yields use of fertilizers
93
63 Diagnostic techniques for fertilizer use
96
64 Field experiments with fertilizers
98
65 Improving the efficiency of use of fertilizers
103
66 Acidification from nitrogen fertilizers
106
67 Summary
107
Raising yields water for rainfed crops and irrigation
109
84 The African groundnut schemes
140
85 The maize industry in Zimbabwe
144
86 Development of the Brazilian cerrado
146
oil palm in Malaysia
148
Machakos Kenya and Kano Nigeria
150
89 Summary and conclusions
152
Increasing and sustaining agricultural production
155
92 Increase in population
156
93 Food requirements of the larger population
157
use of more land
160
increasing yields
163
96 The balance between use of more land and increased yields
169
97 Sustaining agriculture production
171
98 Protecting the environment
175
99 Summary
180
Increasing agricultural production the examples of Africa India and China
183
the recent past and future prospects
193
the recent past and future prospects
199
105 Summary and conclusions
203
Prospects and uncertainties
207
more land or larger yields?
210
113 Protecting the environment
211
114 Uncertainties in meeting future food requirements
213
115 Summary
218
References
223
Index
243
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