A comparison of these projections will show the energy use avoidance resulting from the investment program as depicted in Figure B-2. Using the prices of fuel contained in Appendix C to Subpart A, the dollars saved can be projected against the dollars invested. Life cycle costing methodology pursuant to subpart A, will be used to determine priorities for submitting individual initiatives into the appropriate budget year.

(b) For energy efficiencies-Energy efficiency baselines and goals for each fuel type shall be calculated using the same consumption factors and similar methodology to that outlined in paragraph (a). Energy consumption by fuel type shall be linked to mission through the functional categories listed in § 436.106(a)(2). This will identify a rate which will indicate energy efficiency trends. This linkage may be accomplished through the following algorithm:

Step 1: Determine functional categories from section 436.106(a)(2) which best describe the Agency overall mission.

Step 2: Determine types of fuels used to support the functions selected in Step 1.

Step 3: Determine quantities of fuel consumed or planned for consumption over a specific period of time.

Step 4: Determine quantity of output of function for same period of time used in Step 3. Quantify output in a standard measure which best describes functional category.

Step 5: Determine the energy efficiency ratio by dividing quantity from Step 4 by quantity from Step 3.

This ratio of fuel consumed to a unit measure of output will be used to develop a projection of a baseline and goals through 1990, and used in reporting variance. Examples of ratios that should be considered are: • Production or industrial process type operations

Ton of product

Cu. ft. of natural gas

• Services, such as postal delivery Customers served or pounds delivered

Gallons of automotive gasoline

• General transportation Passenger miles

Gallons of automotive gasoline

• Training

Persons trained

or in training

Gallons of navy special

Agencies shall select one or more of these ratios, which shall be used throughout the planning period, or use more appropriate energy efficiency ratios, to describe their overall functions. Figure B-4 illustrates the planning baseline and goal resulting from this type of analysis.

(a) The following individual measures or set of measures must be considered for inclusion in each agency 10-year energy management plan:

(1) Federal Employee Ridesharing Programs-Includes the use of vanpooling and carpooling and complies with existing orders and regulations governing parking for vanpools and carpools.

(2) Fleet Profile Change-Includes energy considerations in equipment selection and assignment.

(3) Fleet Mileage Efficiency-Includes agency plans to implement existing orders, goals, and laws related to vehicle fuel economy.

(4) Driver Training-Includes development of appropriate programs for training operators of U.S. Government vehicles in energy conservation.

(5) Maintenance Procedures Improvement-Includes activities to insure proper vehicle maintenance to optimize energy conservation.

(6) Operating Procedures ImprovementIncludes use of cooperative passenger shuttle and courier services on an interagency or other basis within each metropolitan area.

(7) Mass Transit-Includes employee use of existing services for business-related activities and commuting.

(8) Public Education to Promote Vanpooling and Carpooling-Includes activities to support the EPCA requirement to establish "responsible public education programs to promote vanpooling and carpooling arrangements" through their employee awareness programs.

(9) Elimination of Free or Subsidized Employee Parking-Includes elimination of free or subsidized employee parking on Federal installations in accordance with OMB Cir. A-118, August 13, 1979.

(10) Two-Wheeled Vehicle Programs-Includes activities to encourage the substitution of bicycles, mopeds, etc. for automobiles for commuting and operational purposes. These may include the establishment of weather-protected secure storage facilities, shower and locker facilities, and restricted routes for these vehicles on Federal property. Cooperative programs with local civil authorities may also be included.

(11) Consolidation of Facilities and Process Activities-Includes such measures as physical consolidation of operations to minimize intra-operational travel and may include facility closure or conversion. Alternative work patterns, availability of transportation, energy source availability, and technical and financial feasibility are among the considerations that should be evaluated.

(12) Agency Procurement Programs-InIcludes activities to ensure that energy conservation opportunities are fully exploited with respect to the agency's procurement programs including procurements relating to operations and maintenance activities; e.g., (a) giving preference to fuel-efficient products whenever practicable, and (b) ensuring that agency's contractors having a preponderance of cost-type contracts pursue a comprehensive energy conservation program.

(13) Energy Conservation Awareness Programs-Includes programs aimed toward gaining and perpetuating employee awareness and participation in energy conservation measures on the job and in their personal activities.

substitu

(14) Communication-Includes tion of communications for physical travel. (15) Dress Code-Includes measures to allow employees greater freedom in their choice of wearing apparel to promote greater participation in conservation.

(16) Land Use-Includes energy considerations to be employed in new site selection, such as colocation.

(17) Automatic Data Processing (ADP)— Includes all energy aspects of ADP operation and equipment selection.

(18) Aircraft Operations-Includes energyconserving measures developed for both military and Federal administrative and research and development aircraft operations. (19) GOCO Facilities and Industrial Plants Operated by Federal Employees-Includes development of energy conservation plans at these facilities and plants which contain measures such as energy efficient periodic maintenance.

(20) Energy Conserving Capital Plant and Equipment Modification—Includes development of energy conservation and life cycle cost parameter measures for replacement of capital plant and equipment.

(21) Process Improvements-Includes measures to improve energy conservation in industrial process operations. These may in

clude consideration of equipment replacement or modification, as well as scheduling and other operational changes.

(22) Improved Steam Maintenance and Management-Includes measures to improve energy efficiency of steam systems. These may include improved maintenance, installation of energy-conserving devices, and the operational use of substitutes for live steam where feasible.

(23) Improvements in Waste Heat Recovery-Includes measures utilizing waste heat for other purposes.

(24) Improvement in Boiler OperationsIncludes energy-conserving retrofit measures for boiler operations.

(25) Improved Insulation-Includes measures addressing the addition or replacement of insulation on pipes, storage tanks, and in other appropriate areas.

(26) Scheduling by Major Electric Power Users-Includes measures to shift major electrical power demands to non-peak hours, to the maximum extent possible.

(27) Alternative Fuels-Includes measures to alter equipment such as generators to use lower quality fuels and to fill new requirements with those that use alternative fuels. The use of gasohol in stationary gasolinepowered equipment should be considered, in particular.

(28) Cogeneration-Includes measures to make full use of cogeneration in preference to single-power generation.

(29) Mobility Training and Operational Readiness-Includes measures which can reduce energy demands through the use of simulators, communications, computers for planning, etc.

(30) Energy Conservation Inspection or Instruction Teams-Includes measures which formulate and perpetuate the review of energy conservation through inspections to determine where specific improvements can be made and then followed by an instruction and training program.

(31) Intra-agency and Interagency Information Exchange Program-Includes measures providing a free exchange of energy conservation ideas and experiences between elements of an agency and between other agencies in the same geographic area.

(32) Recycled Waste-Includes measures to recycle waste materials such as paper products, glass, aluminum, concrete and brick, garbage, asphalt road materials or any material which requires a petroleum base.

(33) Fuel Conversion-Includes measures to accomplish conversion from petroleum based fuels and natural gas to coal and other alternative fuels for appropriate equipment.

(34) Operational Lighting-Includes measures to reduce energy consumption for lighting in operational areas and GOCO

(36) Industrial Buildings Heating-Includes measures to improve the energy conservation of industrial buildings such as: fixing holes in roofs, walls and windows; fitting flexible doors, fitting controls to heating systems; use of "economizer units" which circulate hot air back down from roof level to ground level; use of controlled ventilation; insulation of walls and roof; use of "optimisers" or optimum start controls in heating systems, so that the heating switchon is dictated by actual temperature conditions rather than simply by time.

(37) Hull Cleaning and Antifouling Coating-Includes measures to reduce energy consumption through periodic cleaning of hulls and propellers or through the use of antifouling coatings.

(39) Building Temperature Restrictions on Thermostat Setting for Heating, Cooling and Hot Water-Includes enforcement of suggested restriction levels: 65 degrees for heating, 78 degrees for cooling, and 105 degrees or ban for hot water.

(40) Such other measures as DOE may from time-to-time add to this appendix, or as the Federal agency concerned may find to be energy-saving or efficient.

APPENDIX D TO PART 436-ENERGY PROGRAM CONSERVATION ELEMENTS

(a) In all successful energy conservation programs, certain key elements need to be present. The elements listed below must be incorporated into each agency conservation program and must be reflected in the 10year plan prescribed in § 436.102. Those organizations that have already developed programs should review them to determine

whether the present management systems incorporate these elements.

(1) Top Management Control. Top management must have a personal and sustained commitment to the program, provide active direction and motivation, and require regular review of overall energy usage at senior staff meetings.

(2) Line Management Accountability. Line managers must be accountable for the energy conservation performance of their organizations and should participate in establishing realistic goals and developing strategies and budgets to meet these goals.

(3) Formal Planning. An overall 10-year plan for the period 1980-1990 must be developed and formalized which sets forth performance-oriented conservation goals, including the categorized reduction in rates of energy consumption that the program is expected to realize. The plan will be supplemented by guidelines enumerating specific conservation procedures that will be followed. These procedures and initiatives must be life cycle cost-effective as well as energy efficient.

(4) Goals. Goals must be established in a measurable manner to answer questions of "Where are we?" "Where do we want to go?" "Are we getting there?" and "Are our initiatives for getting there life cycle cost-effective?"

(5) Monitoring. Progress must be reviewed periodically both at the agency headquarters and at local facility levels to identify program weakness or additional areas for conservation actions. Progress toward

achievement of goals should be assessed, and explanations should be required for non-achievement or unusual variations in energy use. Monitoring should include personal inspections and staff visits, management information reporting and audits.

(6) Using Technical Expertise. Personnel with adequate technical background and knowledge of programmatic objectives should be used to help management set technical goals and parameters for efficient planning and implementation of energy conservation programs. These technicians should work in conjunction with the line managers who are accountable for both mission accomplishment and energy conservation.

(7) Employee Awareness. Employees must gain an awareness of energy conservation through formal training and employee information programs. They should be invited to participate in the process of developing an energy conservation program, and to submit definitive suggestions for conservation of energy.

(8) Energy Emergency Planning. Every energy management plan must provide for programs to respond to contingencies that may occur at the local, state or National