Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An IntroductionC.J. van Leeuwen, T.G. Vermeire Springer Science & Business Media, 2007 M09 18 - 686 pages Chemicals are used to make virtually every man-made regard to their production, formulation, use and disposal. product and play an important role in the everyday life It will provide a high level of protection of human health of people around the world. The chemical industry is the and the environment and, at the same time, enhance the third largest industrial sector in the world and employs competitiveness of the EU chemicals industry. millions of people. Since 1930, global production of chemicals has risen from 1 million tonnes to over 400 Successful implementation of REACH will be a million tonnes annually. In 2004 the global sales were challenge. It will involve 30,000 chemicals, 30,000 estimated at € 1776 billion. The EU accounts for companies, a newly created European Chemicals approximately 33% of global sales. This gradual increase Agency and many other stakeholders. REACH will also in the production and widespread use of chemicals was be a scientific challenge. It will boost further scientific not without “cost”. While chemicals play an important research into sustainable chemistry. It will also make us role in products for health and well-being, they may also aware of the scarce human resources currently available pose risks to human health and the environment. to meet these challenges. |
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... Environment program, USEPA EC/OECD Harmonised Electronic Data Set (for data ... Science Institute Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of ... Technology Evaluation, Japan Level of significance (probability of wrongfully ...
... Environment program, USEPA EC/OECD Harmonised Electronic Data Set (for data ... Science Institute Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of ... Technology Evaluation, Japan Level of significance (probability of wrongfully ...
Contents
HEDSET | 5 |
Disciplines roles and responsibilities in risk management | 18 |
8 | 27 |
HUMAN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT 195 | 30 |
EMISSIONS OF CHEMICALS TO THE ENVIRONMENT | 37 |
SNAN | 38 |
SNUR | 51 |
Development of emission estimation and risk assessment tools | 59 |
Quality Control | 458 |
INTELLIGENT TESTING STRATEGIES | 467 |
IC | 506 |
Registration Evaluation Authorization | 510 |
RIVM | 532 |
Lowest Potential for Exposure of | 534 |
3 | 544 |
THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS IN THE USA | 553 |
7 | 68 |
3 | 90 |
Oxidation | 117 |
TCDD | 126 |
HOMO | 142 |
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT | 159 |
PBPK | 199 |
EFFECTS ASSESSMENT AND RISK CHARACTERIZATION | 227 |
PCBs | 270 |
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EFFECTS | 281 |
NOECL | 282 |
DATA | 357 |
PREDICTING FATERELATED PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES | 375 |
LC50 | 380 |
TNsG | 399 |
PREDICTING TOXICOLOGICAL AND ECOTOXICOLOGICAL ENDPOINTS | 427 |
LD50 | 431 |
ICCA | 559 |
7 | 569 |
14 | 575 |
17 | 581 |
PFOA | 588 |
5 | 589 |
27 | 605 |
PFOS | 606 |
37 | 612 |
THE OECD CHEMICALS PROGRAMME | 623 |
ICHC | 628 |
GLOSSARY | 639 |
p | 644 |
IPCS | 650 |
ISODIS | 656 |
673 | |
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Common terms and phrases
acute toxicity animal application approach aquatic Bilthoven bioaccumulation bioavailability bioconcentration biodegradation biological biomagnification biotransformation calculated carcinogenicity Chapter Chemical Substances classification compartment compounds concentration Daphnia database degradation developed dose ecosystems ecotoxicity Ecotoxicology emission endpoints Environ Sci Technol Environ Toxicol Chem Environmental Protection Agency enzyme Equation estimated European Chemicals European Chemicals Bureau evaluation experimental exposure assessment exposure scenario extrapolation factors Figure fish guidelines hazard human health hydrophobic important industry Ispra log Kow manufacture measures metabolism methods models molecular Netherlands OECD organic chemicals Organization for Economic parameters partition coefficient pesticides phase pollutants potential predict Program Q)SAR QSAR quantitative Quantitative structure-activity relationships rate constant reaction reduce Regulation regulatory relevant Report reproduction risk assessment risk management safety Section sediment skin soil solubility species structure Table toxicity toxicity testing toxicological U.S. Environmental Protection uptake USEPA values vitro xenobiotics