Precision Measurement and Calibration: Statistical concepts and procedures, H. H. Ku, edU.S. Government Printing Office, 1968 |
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Page 10
... plotted gives us an idea of the smallest mass difference that can be detected with assurance , and is ob- viously related to the requirements our measure- ments must meet . Repeated independent meas- urements of the same mass difference ...
... plotted gives us an idea of the smallest mass difference that can be detected with assurance , and is ob- viously related to the requirements our measure- ments must meet . Repeated independent meas- urements of the same mass difference ...
Page 13
... plotted in the order in which they were taken . Despite the presence of one or two stragglers , the measurements tend to cluster around the central line - the process average or limiting mean . confidence that the process has settled ...
... plotted in the order in which they were taken . Despite the presence of one or two stragglers , the measurements tend to cluster around the central line - the process average or limiting mean . confidence that the process has settled ...
Page 37
... plotted in the form of a control chart for individuals [ ASTM 1951 , pp . 76-78 , and pp . 101 , 105 ] , the individual measurements so plotted will be seen to consist of " sections " identi- fiable with the subsequences ( 1 ) ...
... plotted in the form of a control chart for individuals [ ASTM 1951 , pp . 76-78 , and pp . 101 , 105 ] , the individual measurements so plotted will be seen to consist of " sections " identi- fiable with the subsequences ( 1 ) ...
Page 38
... plotted points for at least 25 successive subgroups fall within the 3 - sigma con- trol limits . In addition , if not more than 1 out of 35 successive points , or not more than 2 out of 100 , fall outside the 3 - sigma control limits ...
... plotted points for at least 25 successive subgroups fall within the 3 - sigma con- trol limits . In addition , if not more than 1 out of 35 successive points , or not more than 2 out of 100 , fall outside the 3 - sigma control limits ...
Page 39
... plotted on the T - chart are clearly " out of control , " then the measurement process concerned cannot be regarded as statistically stable from occasion to occa- sion , and should be used only for comparative measure- ment within ...
... plotted on the T - chart are clearly " out of control , " then the measurement process concerned cannot be regarded as statistically stable from occasion to occa- sion , and should be used only for comparative measure- ment within ...
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Common terms and phrases
adjusted values analysis applied arithmetic mean ASTM average b₁ b₁x bias Bureau of Standards calculated calibration Churchill Eisenhart comparison components computed confidence interval confidence limits constant control chart correct corresponding curve degrees of freedom determinations effect equal equation evaluation example experiment experimental factors Figure formulas gage block given imprecision independent intercept interlaboratory interval estimate labora laboratory large number Least Squares limiting mean linear magnitude mass materials mathematical meas measurement process ment National Bureau normal distribution number of measurements observations obtained operation ORDP pair paper parameters percent plotted points population possible quantity radium standard range ratio relationship reported sample scores sequence Shewhart shown single slope sources specimens standard deviation standard error stations statistical control systematic error Table temperature test procedure tion tory true value uncertainty urement variables variance W. J. Youden W₁ weight
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Page 45 - ON THE ALGEBRAICAL AND NUMERICAL THEORY OF ERRORS OF OBSERVATIONS AND THE COMBINATION OF OBSERVATIONS.
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Page 36 - It is another matter to formulate specific statements regarding these statistical characteristics of measurement processes. 4.2. 1 Precision — Precision may be stated in terms of an index of precision of the form ±a, where a is some positive number. The numerical value of a in any such index of precision will be smaller the more closely bunched are the individual measurements of a process. However, any such index must have a clearly understandable interpretation regarding variability of measurements....
Page 31 - Absolute certainty is a privilege of uneducated minds — and fanatics. It is, for scientific folk, an unattainable ideal.