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"We believe that as Sunday is a day of worship, no liquor should be sold on that day; and that if any dramshop keeper violates the law in this regard he should be prosecuted, and we stand ready to aid in his prosecution. During the recent campaign those who stood for personal liberty and fair play promised some changes in the regulations of dramshops; therefore, at their suggestion, and with our hearty approval and promise of co-operation, we recommend to the City Council the passage of an ordinance containing the following additional regulations:

I. That saloons be closed at 10 o'clock on all week days except Saturday, when they shall be closed at II o'clock P. M.

2. That the opening of saloons shall not be before 6 o'clock A.M.

3. That all curtains and screens be drawn from the windows during closing hours.

4. That a relative may notify the city clerk of the name or names of any members of his or her family addicted to the excessive use of intoxicants, and thereupon the said clerk shall notify all dramshop keepers of such fact, and thereafter it shall be unlawful to sell or give liquor to such persons.

5. That the number of dramshop licenses be limited to those now issued.

6. That any dramshop keeper who shall violate any State law or ordinance of the City of Galena, in addition to paying a fine, the Mayor be directed to revoke the license of the person so convicted."

These instances might be multiplied, but they will indicate sufficiently the trend of the movement within the trade itself. It is the ambition of the National and State Retail Liquor Dealers' Associations to get all the reputable retailers so organized that their organization may be thoroughly representative. When this is accomplished the retailers' associations will be able to standardize the business on the highest possible plane, and condition their membership accordingly.

We urge the members of the United States Brewers' Association, and of the State and Local Brewers' Associations to co-operate heartily and earnestly in this movement for the organization of the retailers, and in promoting their efforts for improvement. Each brewer should make it his business to find out whether his customers belong to their local organizations, and if not, he should take it up with them individually.

The United States Brewers' Association has prepared placards for use in saloons, which read as follows:

THE TEMPERATE TAVERN LEAGUE

STANDS FOR

REGULATION-MODERATION-CLEANLINESS ORDER

WE SELL ALL KINDS OF BEVERAGES

DRINK MODERATELY

NO LIQUOR SOLD TO MINORS

NO LIQUOR SOLD TO DRUNKARDS
NO GAMBLING ALLOWED

DISREPUTABLE WOMEN NOT ADMITTED

KEEP THE SIDE WALK CLEAR AND CLEAN

NO LOUNGING ALLOWED

THIS PLACE IS CLOSED DURING PROHIBITED HOURS

This is a Place of Public Resort and must be run right
WE WANT YOUR HELP TO KEEP IT ABOVE REPROACH

The matter was first brought to the attention of the retail trade at the annual meeting of the Massachusetts Liquor League last June, with the idea of making the saloon itself an instrument for true temperance. Our pamphlet entitled THE CO-OPERATION OF THE RETAIL LIQUOR TRADE IN SALOON REGULATION and THE TEMPERATE TAVERN LEAGUE placards are in great demand among the retail liquor dealers' organizations, and the suggestion has been taken up enthusiastically.

We desire to call your special attention to the reports of our Standing Committees, which are most comprehensive and complete, and will indicate to you the progress and development of our activities during the past year.

BREWING SCHOLARSHIP

The free seat in the United States Brewers' Academy (Anton Schwartz, founder) for the term 1914-15, has been awarded to Mr. Frederick Spreemann of New York City.

REPORT OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE

The Advisory Committee has been kept busy continually in advising our members regarding their labels under the Federal Food and Drugs Act, and the Net Weight Amendment thereto.

We have tried to make our members realize that if the intent of the law is kept carefully in mind, its provisions can be interpreted by any layman from the standpoint of common sense. The whole object of pure food legislation, and of laws regulating weights and measures is to give the public a square deal. This means that there shall be no misrepresentation of goods by word or device, and that the purchaser shall know the quantity that he is entitled to, when he makes his purchase.

The purpose of the label is to inform the purchaser just what, and how much he is buying, in as plain and simple a manner as possible, so that there can be no mistaking its meaning.

We have received the most patient and courteous consideration from the Bureau of Chemistry, and the Committee on Regulations of the Net Weight Law in the numerous inquiries that we have addressed to them, and have endeavored, for our part, to give them helpful co-operation. Your Advisory Committee believes that the members of this Association have been materially benefited by this co-operation and that it has resulted in enabling them to avoid any action that might bring them in conflict with the Department.

The ablest administrators in the public service recognize and appreciate the importance and value of organized co-operation by representative civic and trade bodies. The Health Commissioner of New York has gone so far as to organize an Advisory Council of representatives of various trades, professions, occupations and civic and public welfare organizations, who are divided into working committees and thus bring to the support of the Department of Health a body of volunteers whose practical assistance is most valuable. The secretary of our Advisory Committee has been appointed a member of this Council and of its committee on Food Inspection.

CONCERNING NEAR BEER

The State of Louisiana has the distinction of being the first State to pass a law legalizing the sale of beer containing not more than 2 per cent. of alcohol in dry territory. The Act provides that the packages must be labeled with the maximum quantity of alcohol in volume, and that no other beverage may be sold under the same roof.

In Great Britain and Ireland the Government defines beer as a liquor, which on analysis, shall be found to contain more than 2 per cent. of proof spirit.

The Norwegian Parliament has established by law a progressive class system for alcohol under which beers containing a maximum of 24 per cent. of alcohol are taxed only at the rate of 2 oere per litre, which is equivalent to 122 cents per barrel of 31 gallons. In Sweden beers which contain less than 24 per cent. by volume of alcohol are taxed at the rate of 25 cents per barrel, while in Denmark similar beers are entirely tax free.

The United States, however, taxes at the full rate, all beverages which contain as much as 1⁄2 of 1 per cent. of alcohol, and will not permit the manufacture of untaxable beverages on the premises of a brewery which produces taxable fermented liquors.

The Bureau of Chemistry, which is charged with the enforcement of the Federal Food and Drugs Act, considers that it is misbranding to label a beer which pays a tax to the Government as a temperance beer.

The vindictiveness of the Prohibition Party is best shown by the fact that a number of states forbid the sale of any malt beverage, even if it is absolutely non-alcoholic, while in a number of states the sale of such non-alcoholic beverages in dry districts has been stopped by decisions of the court.

In Georgia the retail sale of near beer, for consumption on the premises, has been provided for specifically, and such retail dealers are licensed and taxed by the State. The Court of Appeals of Georgia has decided that "to establish the claim that any soft drink now sold is violative of the law, it will be necessary to affirmatively prove that it will, if drunk to excess, produce intoxication."

In Texas, however, the Court of Civil Appeals holds that "A

place in prohibition territory where non-intoxicating malt liquors, requiring a Federal license, are kept for sale, is a disorderly house."

The lack of uniformity in the laws of the different states is most confusing, and it is evident that there is a great need of the establishment of a definite principle of action. Logically, it would seem wise and proper for the Federal Government to make a discrimination in favor of beers which do not contain over 2 per cent. of alcohol by volume. If such a distinction were made by the Federal Government, it would probably be followed by the legislatures of the various states in a short time.

REPORT OF THE VIGILANCE COMMITTEE

It is difficult to indicate the general trend of the legislation of the past year on the liquor question, for the reason that it is so largely a local matter. In the main, however, the results are not unfavorable. The legislatures of Maryland and Kentucky rejected State-wide prohibition bills, while in Texas the prohibitionists were defeated by a large majority in the primaries. In Maine, Governor Haines ran for re-election on the prohibition issue, and was defeated by Governor-Elect Curtis, and it is generally conceded that the election showed a decided change in front on the part of the voters.

The fire of the prohibitionists is directed against those who manufacture and sell alcoholic beverages under sanction of the law. Their efforts to prevent the consumption of liquors are directed towards making it as difficult or inconvenient as possible for the individual to obtain liquors, except in disreputable dives or else for home consumption.

The new Virginia Law which will go into effect in November, 1916, prohibits distilling, but will permit wine and beer to be made for shipment beyond the borders of the State.

In the South the question is largely a racial one. People who can afford it, may have all the liquors they want shipped to them as individuals, and in the cities, the negroes and the poor whites patronize the illicit resorts. As a rule the country places in the Southern States were dry already, under local option laws, so that their condition is neither benefited nor changed by the advent of State-wide prohibition. The express companies and mailorder houses are profiting by the situation. For example, the small

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