The History of Mechanical Pulping

Arne Asplund atmospheric refiners bagasse bagasse newsprint Bauer refiner bleached built burr C-E Bauer Canada CE-Bauer Centrigrinder chain grinder Charles Fenerty chemical pulp chip refiner clean steam commercial constructed continuous grinder CTMP cyclone Defibrator AB disk refiner double-disk energy Enso-Gutzeit OY equipment Fenerty fiber Finland freeness furnish grinder grinding groundwood groundwood mill hardwoods HEAT RECOVERY horsepower hydraulic Hymac installed Jylha refiners Jylhaevaara Kaipola Keller kenaf kenaf newsprint kraft pulp manufactured mechanical pulp newsprint newsprint mill North America Northern grinder Northern-Waterous opacity operated paper machine papermaking patent peroxide pilot plant pine plates pressed pressurized grinders pressurized refiner produced psig Pulp and Paper pulpstone Quebec Raffinator refiner pulp screen semi-bleached shower water softwoods Sprout-Waldron spruce stage stone groundwood strength Sunds Defibrator surface surized Sweden Tampella TAPPI temperature thermomechanical pulping TMP system tons trial United Paper United Paper Mills Vertifiner Voelter Voith western hemlock wood pulp